The interplay between inflammation, immunity and commensal microflora in glaucomatous neurodegeneration

Henein, Christin; Khaw, PT

doi:10.21037/aes.2019.02.04

Cited by 8 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…In fact, it is more accurate to consider this glaucoma outcome as a consequence of both age-related stressors and as a neurological sensitivity to pressure, regardless of its magnitude [ 251 ]. As a matter of fact, this neurodegeneration in addition to IOP, is equally favored by other concomitant factors including the increase in glutamate levels, oxidative stress, mitochondria dysfunction and low grade inflammation [ 252 , 253 , 254 ].…”

Section: Neurodegeneration In Poagmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroinflammation in Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma

Vernazza

Tirendi

Bassi

et al. 2020

JCM

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Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is the second leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. Increasing evidence suggests oxidative damage and immune response defects are key factors contributing to glaucoma onset. Indeed, both the failure of the trabecular meshwork tissue in the conventional outflow pathway and the neuroinflammation process, which drives the neurodegeneration, seem to be linked to the age-related over-production of free radicals (i.e., mitochondrial dysfunction) and to oxidative stress-linked immunostimulatory signaling. Several previous studies have described a wide range of oxidative stress-related makers which are found in glaucomatous patients, including low levels of antioxidant defences, dysfunction/activation of glial cells, the activation of the NF-κB pathway and the up-regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and so on. However, the intraocular pressure is still currently the only risk factor modifiable by medication or glaucoma surgery. This present review aims to summarize the multiple cellular processes, which promote different risk factors in glaucoma including aging, oxidative stress, trabecular meshwork defects, glial activation response, neurodegenerative insults, and the altered regulation of immune response.

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Section: Neurodegeneration In Poagmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroinflammation in Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma

Vernazza

Tirendi

Bassi

et al. 2020

JCM

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“…Recently, work on the effects of microbiota on the intraocular pathology of glaucoma has accelerated, often focused on autoimmune or inflammatory aspects. Some of this work on glaucoma has been reviewed previously [14, 63-65], and may be divided into studies of oral microbiota and studies of gut microbiota, including gastric H . pylori colonization and gut microbiota-mediated autoimmunity to heat shock proteins (HSPs).…”

Section: Glaucomamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There remains insufficient evidence to determine if a causative relationship exists, or if the observed association arises from shared susceptibility; subsequent studies on gut microbiota in POAG have taken the observed association with H . pylori infection as an indication that intestinal dysbiosis is a risk factor for both diseases [65].…”

Section: Glaucomamentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut Microbes and Eye Disease

Donabedian

Dawson

et al. 2021

Ophthalmic Res

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Microbial symbionts in the gut are increasingly recognized as having important effects on health and disease, but have only recently begun to be linked to diseases of the eye. We review current research on the intestinal microbiota’s relationship to ocular disease, focusing on autoimmune uveitis, diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration, and primary-open angle glaucoma. We discuss findings and limitations of this exciting new area of ophthalmology research and explore possible future disease-modifying treatments.

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“…Hitzeschockfaktoren (HSF) sind im Zellkern lokalisiert und bilden durch Bindung an Hitzeschockelemente (HSE) eine komplexe Struktur im Promoterbereich des jeweiligen Gens. Dies führt zur Transkription von HSP, und die Stressreaktion wird primär durch HSF auf der transkriptionellen Ebene reguliert [374].…”

Section: Ausblickunclassified

Neuartige Wirkstoffabgabesysteme für die Glaukomtherapie: Hürden und Lösungsansätze für die Formulierung

et al. 2021

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Das Glaukom gilt als eins der größten gesundheitlichen Probleme weltweit. Es ist die häufigste vermeidbare Erblindungsursache – zum Einen, weil es in der Frühphase asymptomatisch bleibt, zum Anderen wegen mangelnder Therapietreue der Patienten. Es gibt bei der Behandlung des Glaukoms verschiedene Herangehensweisen, die jeweils auf den Einzelfall abgestimmt werden müssen. Die erste Therapielinie ist eine medikamentöse Behandlung. Da jedoch die herkömmlichen Darreichungsformen zahlreiche Nachteile aufweisen, wird intensiv an der Entwicklung neuartiger Wirkstoffabgabesysteme für die Glaukomtherapie gearbeitet. Die vorliegende Übersichtsarbeit gibt einen Überblick über Lösungsansätze und Strategien bei der Entwicklung von Darreichungsformen wie in situ gelierenden Systemen, Nanosystemen, okulären Inserten, Kontaktlinsen, Cornea Shields aus Kollagen, okulären Implantaten, Mikronadeln und Iontophoresesystemen. Ergänzend werden Ergebnisse von Studien zur Wirksamkeit dieser Wirkstoffabgabesysteme kurz vorgestellt.

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The interplay between inflammation, immunity and commensal microflora in glaucomatous neurodegeneration

Cited by 8 publications

References 25 publications

Neuroinflammation in Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma

Neuroinflammation in Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma

Gut Microbes and Eye Disease

Neuartige Wirkstoffabgabesysteme für die Glaukomtherapie: Hürden und Lösungsansätze für die Formulierung

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