2021
DOI: 10.1128/iai.00376-21
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The Interplay between Gut Microbiota and the Immune System in Liver Transplant Recipients and Its Role in Infections

Abstract: Liver transplantation (LT) is a life-saving strategy for patients with end-stage liver disease, hepatocellular carcinoma and acute liver failure. LT success can be hampered by several short-term and long-term complications. Among them, bacterial infections, especially due to multidrug-resistant germs, are particularly frequent with a prevalence between 19 and 33% in the first 100 days after transplantation. In the last decades, a number of studies have highlighted how gut microbiota (GM) is involved in several… Show more

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Cited by 14 publications
(19 citation statements)
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“…Among them, bacterial infections, especially due to multidrug-resistant germs, are particularly frequent with a prevalence between 19 and 33% in the first 100 days after transplantation …..there is growing evidence of the crucial role of GM in shaping the immune response, both locally and systemically, against pathogens …..we provide an overview of the current understanding on the interplay between gut microbiota and the immune system in liver transplant recipients and the role of the former in infections." Ancona et al (2021) end-stage liver disease; hepatocellular carcinoma; acute liver failure; bacterial infections; multidrug-resistant germs; gut microbiota; intestinal homeostasis; gut-liver axis; dysbiosis; chronic hepatitis; fatty liver disease; cirrhosis; hepatocellular carcinoma; immune response; infectious risk; gut microbiota; immune system; infections IIC “In the liver transplantation in addition to the operation shock deterioratingly comes the intensive blood contact with the often heavily damaged graft cells, the effectors of the immune system (rejection), the temporary disturbance of the clearance function of the liver RES and the basic disease of the recipient which in most cases disposes to the disseminated intravasal coagulation. The reduction of thrombocytes and coagulation factors extensively transgresses the changes which are to be expected by a weakness of the synthesis during and immediately after the anhepatic phase."…”
Section: Appendix 2cf Linkage Mechanisms and Biomarkersmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Among them, bacterial infections, especially due to multidrug-resistant germs, are particularly frequent with a prevalence between 19 and 33% in the first 100 days after transplantation …..there is growing evidence of the crucial role of GM in shaping the immune response, both locally and systemically, against pathogens …..we provide an overview of the current understanding on the interplay between gut microbiota and the immune system in liver transplant recipients and the role of the former in infections." Ancona et al (2021) end-stage liver disease; hepatocellular carcinoma; acute liver failure; bacterial infections; multidrug-resistant germs; gut microbiota; intestinal homeostasis; gut-liver axis; dysbiosis; chronic hepatitis; fatty liver disease; cirrhosis; hepatocellular carcinoma; immune response; infectious risk; gut microbiota; immune system; infections IIC “In the liver transplantation in addition to the operation shock deterioratingly comes the intensive blood contact with the often heavily damaged graft cells, the effectors of the immune system (rejection), the temporary disturbance of the clearance function of the liver RES and the basic disease of the recipient which in most cases disposes to the disseminated intravasal coagulation. The reduction of thrombocytes and coagulation factors extensively transgresses the changes which are to be expected by a weakness of the synthesis during and immediately after the anhepatic phase."…”
Section: Appendix 2cf Linkage Mechanisms and Biomarkersmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…При этом наиболее часто встречающимися осложнениями являются внутрибрюшная инфекция, первичная бактериемия и посттрансплантационная пневмония, а наиболее часто выявляемыми микроорганизмами -стафилококки, энтерококки и кишечная палочка. В свою очередь, высокий MELD, билиодигестивный анастомоз, наличие инфекций перед трансплантацией также являются известными прогностическими факторами риска развития данного вида осложнений после ТП [11][12][13][14][15]. К тому же колонизация бактериями с множественной лекарственной устойчивостью и выраженность иммуносупрессивной терапии после ТП существенно отягощают прогноз общей выживаемости и выживаемости трансплантата [13,[16][17][18][19][20].…”
Section: обсуждение вклад Gut Liver Axis в развитие инфекционных осло...unclassified
“…There is a marked difference in the microbiome palette in patients before and after liver transplantation омного происхождения кишечника, которое реализуется за счет анатомической и физиологической связи кишечника и печени, осуществляемой посредством портальной венозной системы и желчевыводящих путей, составляющих в своей совокупности ПИО. Становится ясно, что ПИО вносит весомый вклад в развитие перечисленных осложнений и факторов риска [11,12,21]. Все большее подтверждение тому можно найти в исследованиях последних лет, указывающих на бактериальные комменсалы и продукты бактериального комменсаллизма, такие как PAMPs, которые могут свободно перемещаться из просвета кишечника в печень на фоне компрометированного патологическим процессом организма, запуская тем самым каскад иммунных и провоспалительных реакций [22,23].…”
Section: обсуждение вклад Gut Liver Axis в развитие инфекционных осло...unclassified
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