The interplay between apparent viscosity and wettability in nanoconfined water

Ortiz-Young, Deborah; Chiu, Hsiang Chih; Kim, Suenne; Voïtchovsky, Kislon; Riedo, Elisa

doi:10.1038/ncomms3482

Cited by 245 publications

(266 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…This is possible when the vibrating AFM tip dissipates most of its energy within the interfacial liquid, without significant interaction between the tip and the solid 30,31 . In this regime, hereafter referred to as 'interfacial dissipation microscopy' (IDM), information about the local interfacial energy is contained in the phase image, acquired simultaneously with the topography image of the interface and is related to the local dynamics of the liquid probed by the tip 40,41 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water-induced correlation between single ions imaged at the solid–liquid interface

2014

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When immersed into water, most solids develop a surface charge, which is neutralized by an accumulation of dissolved counterions at the interface. Although the density distribution of counterions perpendicular to the interface obeys well-established theories, little is known about counterions' lateral organization at the surface of the solid. Here we show, by using atomic force microscopy and computer simulations, that single hydrated metal ions can spontaneously form ordered structures at the surface of homogeneous solids in aqueous solutions. The structures are laterally stabilized only by water molecules with no need for specific interactions between the surface and the ions. The mechanism, studied here for several systems, is controlled by the hydration landscape of both the surface and the adsorbed ions. The existence of discrete ion domains could play an important role in interfacial phenomena such as charge transfer, crystal growth, nanoscale self-assembly and colloidal stability.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water-induced correlation between single ions imaged at the solid–liquid interface

2014

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“…Using the experimental bulk water viscosity η = 10 −3 Pa s, the corresponding slip lengths for graphene and BN are 10.4 ± 2.2 and 3.3 ± 0.6 nm, respectively. Overall water slippage on graphene and BN is characteristic of hydrophobic surfaces with a low friction coefficient, while on hydrophilic surfaces such as mica, silicon or graphene oxide slippage is significantly inhibited with sub-nm slip lengths [38,39]. To rationalize the difference in the two friction coefficients in terms of structural and energetic contributions, we compute the free energy profile of water within the contact layer ∆G(x, y), defined as ∆G(x, y) = −k B T ln P O (x, y).…”

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confidence: 99%

Friction of Water on Graphene and Hexagonal Boron Nitride from Ab Initio Methods: Very Different Slippage Despite Very Similar Interface Structures

2014

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Friction is one of the main sources of dissipation at liquid water/solid interfaces. Despite recent progress, a detailed understanding of water/solid friction in connection with the structure and energetics of the solid surface is lacking. Here we show for the first time that ab initio molecular dynamics can be used to unravel the connection between the structure of nanoscale water and friction for liquid water in contact with graphene and with hexagonal boron nitride. We find that whilst the interface presents a very similar structure between the two sheets, the friction coefficient on boron nitride is ≈ 3 times larger than that on graphene. This comes about because of the greater corrugation of the energy landscape on boron nitride arising from specific electronic structure effects. We discuss how a subtle dependence of the friction on the atomistic details of a surface, that is not related to its wetting properties, may have a significant impact on the transport of water at the nanoscale, with implications for the development of membranes for desalination and for osmotic power harvesting.Nanofluidics is an exciting field that offers alternative and sustainable solutions to problems relating to energy conversion, water filtration and desalination [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. Miniaturization towards nanofluidic devices inevitably leads to an enhanced influence of surface and interface properties as opposed to those of the bulk. Friction is the most important interface property that limits fluid transport at the nanoscale, and its understanding is therefore crucial for the design of more efficient membranes, nanotubes and pores that exhibit low liquid/solid friction. The behavior of liquid flow at scales on the order of a few tens of nanometres departs from continuum fluid dynamics and desirable transport properties emerge at such small scales [10]. For instance, carbon nanotubes have a very high water permeability as compared to the prediction of macroscopic fluid dynamics [2]. Further, a vanishing friction has been found, giving rise to superlubric behavior of water chains inside tubes of sub-nanometre radii [11].Besides carbon, boron nitride (BN) nanostructures have recently been explored for the development of nanofluidic devices for fast water transport and efficient power generation [1,12,13]. Recent interest has been fueled by the demonstration that salinity concentration gradients across BN nanotube membranes can leed to the generation of very large electric currents [1]. It has also very recently been shown that there is a very large interlayer friction between in multiwalled BN nanotubes [14], as opposed to the superlubric behavior of the (homopolar) carbon nanotubes [15]. This suggests that the frictional properties of BN and C nanostructures might be quite different. However, to the best of our knowledge there has been no attempt to measure or compute the friction of water at the interface with BN sheets or nanotubes. Given that ab initio results have shown very similar contact angles of water drople...

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“…In small-amplitude AFM measurements of squeeze-out dynamics, conclusion regarding slip could not arrived at [9]. Ortiz-Young et al have fitted oscillatory shear data using an AFM to a model based finite slip [22]. The measurements on wetting (θ ≈ 0…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Conclusions regarding viscosity of nanoconfined water are difficult to reach owing to possible surface effects such as surface registry and finite slip at the boundary [6,22]. Although no-slip boundary condition is largely valid for bulk flows, it is suggested that there is a possibility of finite slippage when liquid flows through, or is squeezed out of the gap which is of the order of few nm [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The violation of no-slip boundary condition should reveal itself through reduction in measured stress. This affects the apparent viscosity of nanoconfined liquids and a parameter called "slip-length" is included in models describing the flow [22]. The slip-length, as defined by the Navier, is the distance from the boundary inside the solid where liquid velocity is extrapolated to be zero.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of boundary slippage and nonlinear rheological response on flow of nanoconfined water

Sekhon

Ajith

Patil

2017

J. Phys.: Condens. Matter

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Abstract. The flow of water confined to nanometer-sized pores is central to a wide range of subjects from biology to nanofluidic devices. Despite its importance, a clear picture about nanoscale fluid dynamics is yet to emerge. Here we measured dissipation in less than 25 nm thick water films and it was found to decrease for both wetting and non-wetting confining surfaces. The fitting of Carreau-Yasuda model of shear thinning to our measurements implies that flow is non-Newtonian and for wetting surfaces the no-slip boundary condition is largely valid. On the contrary, for non-wetting surfaces boundary slippage occurs with slip lengths of the order of 10 nm. The findings suggest that both, the wettability of the confining surfaces and nonlinear rheological response of water molecules under nano-confinement play a dominant role in transport properties.

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The interplay between apparent viscosity and wettability in nanoconfined water

Cited by 245 publications

References 32 publications

Water-induced correlation between single ions imaged at the solid–liquid interface

Water-induced correlation between single ions imaged at the solid–liquid interface

Friction of Water on Graphene and Hexagonal Boron Nitride from Ab Initio Methods: Very Different Slippage Despite Very Similar Interface Structures

The effect of boundary slippage and nonlinear rheological response on flow of nanoconfined water

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