The International Diffusion of New Technologies: A Multitechnology Analysis of Latecomer Advantage and Global Economic Integration

Perkins, Richard; Neumayer, Eric

doi:10.1111/j.1467-8306.2005.00487.x

Cited by 87 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…Specifically, they would predict growing convergence in environmental technologies, practices, and performances between developed and developing countries, as firms in developing countries are exposed to increased competition from firms in developed countries. This expectation is consistent with large-N, statistical studies that find that new, more environmentally sound technologies and practices have been more rapidly adopted and diffused in countries more open to international trade (Reppelin-Hill 1999;Dasgupta et al 2001;Neumayer and Perkins 2004;Perkins and Neumayer 2005).…”

Section: Global Convergence Theoriessupporting

confidence: 84%

“…The idea that income is an important determinant of corporate environmentalism also receives support from large-N, statistical evidence. Recent econometric studies have shown that wealthier countries tend to have more stringent environmental regulations, diffuse environmentally sound technologies more rapidly, and have a wider uptake of environmental self-regulatory codes (Reppelin-Hill 1999;Dasgupta et al 2001;Neumayer and Perkins 2004;Perkins and Neumayer 2005). Additionally, it is worth noting that the emergence of corporate environmentalism in several developing countries has coincided with a period of renewed economic growth.…”

Section: National Income-based Explanations and Their Shortcomingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Globalizing Corporate Environmentalism? Convergence and Heterogeneity in Indian Industry

Perkins

2007

St Comp Int Dev

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What explains the recent emergence of corporate environmentalism in developing countries? Why have certain firms surpassed others in greening their activities? This article situates the uneven dynamics of corporate greening within a theoretical framework of convergence, firm specificity, and heterogeneity. Through a comparative analysis of firms in three sectors-automobiles, steel, and power-of the Indian economy during the past two decades, I show that corporate greening is rooted in processes of growing international political engagement, market integration, and transnational social communication. Together, these processes have unleashed various economic and sociological convergence dynamics, which have led firms in India to adopt more environmentally sound innovations and performances increasingly similar to those found in many developed countries. Yet firms' connectedness to external pressures fostering "upward" convergence varies, as do their internal capabilities to respond to them. Heterogeneity in these internal and external variables, and the firm-specific strategies linking them, accounts for much of the unevenness in patterns of corporate environmentalism observed in India.

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Section: Global Convergence Theoriessupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: National Income-based Explanations and Their Shortcomingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Globalizing Corporate Environmentalism? Convergence and Heterogeneity in Indian Industry

Perkins

2007

St Comp Int Dev

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“…In any case, our sectorally-refined approach is a marked improvement over many previous studies, which have investigated the links between FDI and the cross-national diffusion of environmentally-superior policy and technological innovations within particular sectors (e.g. power) using data which includes all economic sectors (Cole et al 2006;Lovely and Popp 2008;Perkins and Neumayer 2005).…”

Section: Main Explanatory Variablesmentioning

confidence: 96%

Does the ‘California effect’ operate across borders? Trading- and investing-up in automobile emission standards

Perkins¹,

Neumayer²

2012

Journal of European Public Policy

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Original citation:Perkins, Richard and Neumayer, Eric (2012) Does the 'California effect' operate across borders? trading-and investing-up AbstractAccording to one line of argument, economic integration may lead to the ratcheting upwards of regulatory standards towards levels found in higher-regulating jurisdictions, a phenomenon referred to as the 'California effect'. Yet, at least in the case of public environmental policies, comparatively little systematic empirical work has been undertaken to examine whether international trade and investment with more stringently regulated countries leads to higher domestic environmental standards in lower-regulating economies. Our contribution seeks to fill this gap using a newly-constructed dataset measuring the stringency of domestic automobile emission standards. We find robust support for a trading-up effect in a sample of up to 147 developing countries: greater automobile and related components exports to countries with more stringent automobile emission standards are associated with more stringent domestic emission standards. Investing-up dynamics are also apparent, in that we find higher inward FDI in the automotive sector is associated with more stringent domestic automobile emission standards in host developing economies.

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“…Conversely, systematic evidence linking FDI with the more rapid adoption of ESTs is sparse, with the majority of studies finding little or no effect from the presence of TNCs (Andonova, 2003;Perkins and Neumayer, 2005). More directly, Mielnik and Goldemberg (2002) find that countries with higher levels of FDI have reduced their energy-intensity faster, albeit using a bivariate correlation without control variables and a sample of only 20 states.…”

Section: Existing Research: Emissions Technology and Regulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies generally show that countries more open to trade diffuse modern technologies more rapidly (Gruber, 1998;Perkins and Neumayer, 2005;Reppelin-Hill, 1999), although these works fail to explore the implications for countries' environment-efficiency. Conversely, systematic evidence linking FDI with the more rapid adoption of ESTs is sparse, with the majority of studies finding little or no effect from the presence of TNCs (Andonova, 2003;Perkins and Neumayer, 2005).…”

Section: Existing Research: Emissions Technology and Regulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fostering Environment Efficiency through Transnational Linkages? Trajectories of CO₂ and SO₂, 1980–2000

2008

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Abstract. Recent optimism about sustainability has centred on the opportunities for improvements in environment-efficiency through the international diffusion of environmentallybeneficial innovations. This paper investigates two claims about the conditions under which countries are most likely to realise these gains. First, "dirtier" economies should improve their environment-efficiency faster, as they adopt environmentally sound technologies and policies similar to those in "cleaner" countries, resulting in catch-up and convergence over time. Second, transnational linkages accelerate the international spread of environmentally-beneficial innovations, and therefore improvements in environment-efficiency. To test these claims, we use econometric techniques to examine the dynamics and determinants of two pollutants, CO 2 and SO 2 , using a panel comprising up to 114 countries over the period 1980-2000. Our empirical findings broadly support both claims. Applying tests of unconditional convergence, we find robust evidence for convergence in levels of CO 2 and SO 2 -efficiency, indicating catch-up by less pollution-efficient economies over time. Similarly, confirming claims about transnational linkages, we find that imports from more pollution-efficient countries and telecommunications connectivity are associated with faster improvements in domestic CO 2 and SO 2 -efficiency.Results also suggest that inward FDI stock is positively associated with CO 2 -efficiency. Yet we find that exports to countries with high levels of pollution-efficiency have no discernable effect on domestic pollution-efficiency.

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The International Diffusion of New Technologies: A Multitechnology Analysis of Latecomer Advantage and Global Economic Integration

Cited by 87 publications

References 74 publications

Globalizing Corporate Environmentalism? Convergence and Heterogeneity in Indian Industry

Globalizing Corporate Environmentalism? Convergence and Heterogeneity in Indian Industry

Does the ‘California effect’ operate across borders? Trading- and investing-up in automobile emission standards

Fostering Environment Efficiency through Transnational Linkages? Trajectories of CO₂ and SO₂, 1980–2000

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The International Diffusion of New Technologies: A Multitechnology Analysis of Latecomer Advantage and Global Economic Integration

Cited by 87 publications

References 74 publications

Globalizing Corporate Environmentalism? Convergence and Heterogeneity in Indian Industry

Globalizing Corporate Environmentalism? Convergence and Heterogeneity in Indian Industry

Does the ‘California effect’ operate across borders? Trading- and investing-up in automobile emission standards

Fostering Environment Efficiency through Transnational Linkages? Trajectories of CO2 and SO2, 1980–2000

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Fostering Environment Efficiency through Transnational Linkages? Trajectories of CO₂ and SO₂, 1980–2000