The International Classification of Retinoblastoma Predicts Chemoreduction Success

Shields, Carol L.; Mashayekhi, Arman; Au, Angela K.; Czyz, Craig N.; Leahey, Ann; Meadows, Anna T.; Shields, Jerry A.

doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2006.06.018

Cited by 516 publications

(398 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…An extraocular extension of the retinoblastomas involving the episcleral region or the orbit was not detected in any patient. Applying the International Intraocular Retinoblastoma Classification during the clinical examination of 30 of the patients showed group D for 6 patients (20%) and group E for 24 patients (80%) [17]. …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retinoblastoma in Chinese Children Aged Five to Fourteen Years

Chang

Shi²,

Zhao³

et al. 2015

Ophthalmologica

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Objective: To assess the characteristics of retinoblastomas enucleated from Chinese children aged 5-14 years. Methods: This retrospective hospital-based study included all eyes with retinoblastomas consecutively enucleated in the Beijing Tongren Hospital between August 2003 and July 2013. Results: Out of 1,205 patients, 47 (3.9%) were 5 years or older. All tumors in this age group occurred unilaterally, the patients had a negative family history, and the tumors were detected at an age of 6.9 ± 1.8 years (range: 5-14). The main clinical features at the time of examining the as yet untreated children aged 5-7 years (n = 30) or >7-14 years (n = 10) were leukocoria, strabismus, pseudohypopyon, hypertension, vitreous seeds (‘snowballs'), and calcifications. In 12 patients (26%), the retinoblastoma had not initially been diagnosed as a tumor. Histopathology revealed tumor invasion into nonretinal tissue in 19 eyes (40%). Therapy included enucleation only (n = 22; 47%), adjuvant systemic chemotherapy (n = 24; 51%), and additional orbital exenteration (n = 1). After a mean follow-up of 3.0 ± 2.1 years (range: 0.2-9.8), which was done for 40 children, none of these children showed a tumor recurrence. Conclusions: Of the children undergoing enucleation for retinoblastoma in Beijing, 3.9% were aged 5 years or more. As in Western countries, the tumor occurrence was unilateral, their family history was negative, and the survival rate was relatively high in these children. In 1 out of 4 children, the tumor had initially been misdiagnosed due to a masquerade syndrome. Retinoblastoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of any unclear intraocular situation in children.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retinoblastoma in Chinese Children Aged Five to Fourteen Years

Chang

Shi²,

Zhao³

et al. 2015

Ophthalmologica

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“…New advances in local and systemic therapies have led to unprecedented rates of tumor control and globe salvage with an exceedingly low incidence of metastasis and death in developed countries [1, 7]. In 1996, the introduction of systemic chemotherapy led to improved globe salvage rates for groups A, B, and C retinoblastoma to 90% or better [6, 7, 14]. However, globe salvage rates for group D and E eyes remained relatively poor at 47 and 23%, respectively [6, 7, 14].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primary Intra-Arterial Chemotherapy for Retinoblastoma in the Intravitreal Chemotherapy Era: Five Years of Experience

et al. 2018

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Purpose: To report our 5-year experience with intra-arterial chemotherapy (IAC) in the intravitreal chemotherapy (IvitC) era. Methods: Retrospective review of retinoblastoma treated with primary unilateral IAC in the IvitC era (2012–2017). Results: There were 34 eyes treated with IAC alone versus 20 eyes treated with IAC plus IvitC for vitreous seeds. IAC (IAC alone vs. IAC plus IvitC) consisted of melphalan (41 vs. 10%) or melphalan plus topotecan (59 vs. 90%, p = 0.03). IvitC consisted of melphalan (60%) or melphalan plus topotecan (40%). Tumor control and globe salvage were achieved in 100% of group B and C eyes without IvitC. Despite more extensive vitreous seeds in the IvitC group (p < 0.01), comparison of IAC alone versus IAC plus IvitC revealed no difference in tumor control for group D (88 vs. 69%, p = 0.36) or group E (67 vs. 100%, p = 0.25) and no difference in globe salvage for group D (88 vs. 69%, p = 0.36) or group E (58 vs. 57%, p = 0.39). Conclusions: IAC is effective as primary therapy for unilateral group B, C, D, and E retinoblastoma. IvitC is an important adjuvant therapy to achieve comparable globe salvage rates for group D and E eyes with persistent active vitreous seeds.

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“…Retinoblastoma, an intraocular malignancy commonly found among children, possessed a worldwide prevalence of up to 1/200 000,32, 33, 34 and the novel cases per year within China accounted for as high as 20% of that within the global range 35. Despite the emergence of diverse therapies for retinoblastoma, novel biological therapies, especially molecular targeted therapies, were still in urgent demand owing to the unneglectable toxicity and adverse reactions of current treatment strategies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

LncRNA HOTAIR/miR‐613/c‐met axis modulated epithelial‐mesenchymal transition of retinoblastoma cells

Yang

et al. 2018

J Cellular Molecular Medi

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Since lncRNAs could modulate neoplastic development by modulating downstream miRNAs and genes, this study was carried out to figure out the synthetic contribution of HOTAIR, miR‐613 and c‐met to viability, apoptosis and proliferation of retinoblastoma cells. Totally 276 retinoblastoma tissues and tumour‐adjacent tissues were collected, and human retinoblastoma cell lines (ie, Y79, HXO‐Rb44, SO‐Rb50 and WERI‐RB1) were also gathered. Moreover, transfections of pcDNA3.1‐HOTAIR, si‐HOTAIR, miR‐613 mimic, miR‐613 inhibitor, pcDNA3.1/c‐met were performed to evaluate the influence of HOTAIR, miR‐613 and c‐met on viability, apoptosis and epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) of retinoblastoma cells. Dual‐luciferase reporter gene assay was also arranged to confirm the targeted relationship between HOTAIR and miR‐613, as well as between miR‐613 and c‐met. Consequently, up‐regulated HOTAIR and down‐regulated miR‐613 expressions displayed associations with poor survival status of retinoblastoma patients (P < 0.05). Besides, inhibited HOTAIR and promoted miR‐613 elevated E‐cadherin expression, yet decreased Snail and Vimentin expressions (P < 0.05). Simultaneously, cell proliferation and cell viability were also less‐motivated (P < 0.05). Nonetheless, c‐met prohibited the functioning of miR‐613, resulting in promoted cell proliferation and viability, along with inhibited cell apoptosis (P < 0.05). Finally, HOTAIR was verified to directly target miR‐613, and c‐met was the direct target gene of miR‐613 (P < 0.05). In conclusion, the role of lncRNA HOTAIR/miR‐613/c‐met signalling axis in modulating retinoblastoma cells’ viability, apoptosis and expressions of EMT‐specific proteins might provide evidences for developing appropriate diagnostic and treatment strategies for retinoblastoma.

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The International Classification of Retinoblastoma Predicts Chemoreduction Success

Cited by 516 publications

References 14 publications

Retinoblastoma in Chinese Children Aged Five to Fourteen Years

Retinoblastoma in Chinese Children Aged Five to Fourteen Years

Primary Intra-Arterial Chemotherapy for Retinoblastoma in the Intravitreal Chemotherapy Era: Five Years of Experience

LncRNA HOTAIR/miR‐613/c‐met axis modulated epithelial‐mesenchymal transition of retinoblastoma cells

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