The internal mammary artery as a shunt in a noncyanotic infant with hemitruncus: surgical and anesthetic management

Clinical and anatomopathological descriptions of dog with arterious Hemitruncus: case report

“…Although there are no scientific descriptions about the age predisposition of arterious hemitruncus in animals, the patient in the present report was a puppy (three months old), according to the four-month-old dog diagnosed by Scollan et al (2011) and with the cats atended by Chuzel et al (2007), with five months. These results are similarly described in human patients (Haywood et al, 2014;Mahan et al, 2016). In contrast, the cat described by Nicolle et al (2005) was diagnosed when adult (six years old), despite being symptomatic from a young age.…”

“…The diagnosis of arterious hemitruncus should be based on the patient's history, clinical symptoms and complementary exams invasive or not (Scollan et al, 2011;Koplay et al, 2012;Mahan et al, 2016). In this context, chest x-rays may suggest moderate cardiomegaly and peribronchial thickening (Koplay et al, 2012); echocardiogram shows cardiac hypertrophy, increased ventricular pressure and pulmonary trunk stenosis (Scollan et al, 2011); thoracic computed tomography will propose the anomalous origin of the pulmonary artery (right or left) of the ascending aorta and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging to elucidate the pulmonary trunk arising from the aorta, in addition to increased cardiac pressure (increased atrium and affected ventricle), sharp decrease in ventricular function, pulmonary and tricuspid valve regurgitation (Scollan et al, 2011;Urbina-Vazquez et al, 2020).…”

“…Both in animals (Chuzel et al, 2007;Scollan et al, 2011) as in humans (Mahan et al, 2016;Urbina-Vazquez et al, 2020), the early corrective treatment of choice for arterious hemitruncus is surgical, covering various techniques, to avoid fatalities due to the irreversibility of pulmonary hypertension and congestive heart failure. However, some patients cannot survive until the execution of such a procedure and transoperative complications are likely to occur, as immediate postoperative risks (Scollan et al, 2011).…”