The Intergranular Corrosion of Mild Steel in CO 2 + NaNO 2 Solution

Zhou, Yong; Zuo, Yu

doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2014.12.053

Cited by 22 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Zhou et al 159 studied intergranular corrosion of mild steel in combined NaNO 2 and CO 2 media with the application of STM to visualize the corroded grain boundary as well as to estimate the size of the dissolved grain (Fig. 18).…”

Section: Scanning Tunnelling Microscopy (Stm)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon steel corrosion: a review of key surface properties and characterization methods

2017

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Section: Scanning Tunnelling Microscopy (Stm)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon steel corrosion: a review of key surface properties and characterization methods

2017

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“…8,11,13 However, in acidic media, the related studies involving NO 2 − are relatively few, and the present studies are summarized as follows. In carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) corrosion environments, Zhou et al [15][16][17][18] studied the influence of NO 2 − on the corrosion / passivation behavior of Q235 carbon steel in CO 2 saturated solution (pH 3.7) in detail.The Q235 steel presented the electrochemical behavior of activation in CO 2 saturated solution without NO 2 − ; 15 after the addition of NO 2 − , the electrochemical behavior transferred from activation to anodic passivation, and the critical NO 2 − concentration for the stable passivation was approximately 0.05 mol L -1 ; 16 intergranular corrosion (IGC) was observed on the surface of Q235 carbon steel when the Q235 steel was polarized into activation-passivation potential region with a low potential scanning rate; 17 the occurrence of IGC was very closely associated with the electrochemical behavior of activation-passivation transition, which was resulted from the synergetic mechanisms of CO 2 and ΝΟ 2 − . 18 In other 19 studied the combined influences of NO 2 − and thioureido imidazoline (TAI) on the passivation behavior and the pitting corrosion (PC) of X70 carbon steels in acidic NaCl solution (pH 5.5) and reported that the mechanisms of NO 2 − and TAI were both interactive and superimposed, and the addition of NO 2 − was beneficial to restrain the initiation and propagation of PC.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of pH Values on Functional Mechanisms of Nitrite Anions for Q235 Carbon Steels in 0.01 mol L-1 NaNO2-HCl Solutions

Zhou

Zhang

Huang

et al. 2019

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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For Q235 carbon steels in 0.01 mol L-1 NaNO 2-HCl solutions with different pH values, the effects of pH values on the functional mechanisms of nitrite anions (NO 2 −) were studied. In the pH 1 and pH 2 solutions, the Q235 steels showed the electrochemical behavior of activation, and uniform corrosion (UC) was the main corrosion type on the Q235 surface. The presence of NO 2 − did not affect the electrochemical behavior and the corrosion type but only accelerated the anodic reaction of Fe oxidation. In the pH 3 and pH 4 solutions, the Q235 steels presented the electrochemical behavior of activation-passivation transition, and intergranular corrosion (IGC) occurred on the Q235 surface. The cathodic reaction of NO 2 − reduction resulted in the transition of electrochemical behavior from activation to passivation and the change of corrosion type from UC to IGC. In the pH 5 and pH 6 solutions, the Q235 steels exhibited the electrochemical behavior of self passivation-pitting, and pitting corrosion (PC) was present on the Q235 surface. The strong oxidability of NO 2 − played a critical role in the formation of γ-Fe 2 O 3 passive film on the Q235 surface under the combined action of Fe 2+ and NO 2 − .

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“…[3][4][5][7][8][9] The annual direct cost of corrosion in United States has been estimated to be around 3.1% of the gross domestic product (GDP). About 3.7% out of the total cost comes from the oil and gas industry, 7,10 which is mainly due to the corrosion of carbon steel.…”

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Experimental Investigation and Modeling of the Performance of Pure and Mixed Surfactant Inhibitors: Aggregation, Adsorption, and Corrosion Inhibition on Steel Pipe in Aqueous Phase

Zhu

Free

2015

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Two models for the prediction of corrosion inhibition efficiency of various pure surfactant and mixed surfactants in salt-containing solution are developed, compared, and validated. The two prediction models are based on a modified Langmuir adsorption (MLA) sub-model and a modified Quantitative Structure Activity Relation (MQSAR) sub-model. Each of the sub-models is combined with the critical micelle concentration (cmc) prediction sub-model to create an overall corrosion inhibition prediction model separately. Each of the created overall models is very robust in predicting corrosion inhibition of various surfactants in a variety of testing systems. The model derivation is mainly based on the mixed homologous benzalkonium chlorides in NaCl-containing aqueous solution and further validated using various testing systems of surfactants. The developed corrosion inhibition prediction models provide potential methods to evaluate the effectiveness of various surfactants in corrosion inhibition under various testing solution conditions. In addition, the adsorption and inhibition mechanisms of surfactants in the corresponding testing system were investigated. Carbon steel is widely used for production and transportation pipelines in the oil and gas industries.1-4 However, carbon steel is easily corroded in environments that contain water and carbon dioxide (CO 2 ).3-7 As one of the main corrosion types in the oil and gas industry, CO 2 related corrosion can cause tremendous damage to pipelines and structural components in water and crude oil transportation and thus threaten production and safety. [3][4][5][7][8][9] The annual direct cost of corrosion in United States has been estimated to be around 3.1% of the gross domestic product (GDP). About 3.7% out of the total cost comes from the oil and gas industry, 7,10 which is mainly due to the corrosion of carbon steel. Therefore, the cost of corrosion and safety has led to great interest in controlling CO 2 -related corrosion in various oilfields around the world.The most popular control method is to use organic inhibitors that contain heterocyclic molecules to reduce CO 2 based corrosion on carbon steel. 1,2,[11][12][13][14] Many of the organic inhibitors are surfactants with hydrophilic and hydrophobic molecular sections.The hydrophilic group of surfactant strongly prefers interaction with polar entities such as water, metals, and ions. These organic surfactants adsorb on the metal surface, block the active surface sites, and thereby reduce corrosion attack.11,12 The presence and structure of specific atoms, such as N and O, in surfactants determine the adsorption mechanism and corrosion inhibition efficiency.13,14 Surfactant mixtures have received wide attention in practical applications because of their superior physicochemical properties and capabilities in efficient solubilization, dispersion, suspension, and transportation.15,16 Solutions containing mixed surfactants can often be conveniently tuned to achieve desired properties by adjusting the composition of the mixt...

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The Intergranular Corrosion of Mild Steel in CO 2 + NaNO 2 Solution

Cited by 22 publications

References 48 publications

Carbon steel corrosion: a review of key surface properties and characterization methods

Carbon steel corrosion: a review of key surface properties and characterization methods

The Effects of pH Values on Functional Mechanisms of Nitrite Anions for Q235 Carbon Steels in 0.01 mol L-1 NaNO2-HCl Solutions

Experimental Investigation and Modeling of the Performance of Pure and Mixed Surfactant Inhibitors: Aggregation, Adsorption, and Corrosion Inhibition on Steel Pipe in Aqueous Phase

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