The intergenerational inequality of health in China

Eriksson, Tor; Pan, Jay; Qin, Xuezheng

doi:10.1016/j.chieco.2014.06.005

Cited by 38 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…Such deprivation that discriminates against rural areas deepens the social cleavage between rural and urban areas. Although many factors can be used to explain health disparities (for example, economic base and social systems) (Chen et al, ; Eriksson et al, ), a key role of rural–urban health disparities is unbalanced access to health information resources (Baldwin et al, ). For rural patients, scanty medical experts, lower levels of health literacy, and a smaller pool of individuals suffering from a specific disease all result in fewer health information resources (Goh et al, ).…”

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confidence: 99%

The role of online communities in reducing urban–rural health disparities in China

Cao

Wang

2018

Asso for Info Science & Tech

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The explosive growth of social networks has the potential for online health communities to create social value for users. This study integrates online community with urban-rural health inequality in China to empirically explore whether online communities reduce health disparities between urban and rural areas in China. By collecting a unique data set from an online community in China that focuses on one disease, an exponential random graph model was used to empirically analyze the network structures and relationships formed in this community. The results indicate that technologymediated online health communities can alleviate health disparities in China by exchanging information and improving the health capabilities of rural residents. We discuss the implications and guidelines for future research.

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confidence: 99%

The role of online communities in reducing urban–rural health disparities in China

Cao

Wang

2018

Asso for Info Science & Tech

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“…Two basic hypotheses explain the relationship between social status in early life and adults’ health. According to the life course hypothesis, social background directly influences health in adulthood since those with inferior living conditions during childhood and adolescence are more likely to experience poor health later in life [2, 4–6, 16, 20, 23]. Moreover, the pathway hypothesis suggests that parental socioeconomic circumstances indirecty influence health in adulthood through the transmission of socioeconomic status (SES) and the investment in children’s human capital [7, 8, 12, 17, 22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating direct effects of parental occupation on Spaniards’ health by birth cohort

2017

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BackgroundSocial health inequalities in adult population are partly due to socioeconomic circumstances in childhood. A better understanding of how those circumstances affect health during adulthood may improve the opportunities for reducing health disparities. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of parental socioeconomic status, which is proxied by occupation, on adult Spaniards’ health by birth cohort. The analysis will allow checking not only the direct impact of parental occupation on their offspring’s health, but also whether inherited inequality has been reduced over time.MethodsWe use data from the Bank of Spain’s Survey of Household Finances on Spanish households from 2002 to 2008. Sequential models were used to estimate the influence of the father’s and mother’s occupation on their offspring’s health, trying to disentangle direct from indirect effects. With a sample of 26,832 persons we consider effects for four different cohorts by birth periods ranging from 1916 to 1981.ResultsThe results show that parental occupation has a significant direct impact on individuals’ health (p < 0.01). The effect of father’s occupation exceeds that of mother’s. For those born before 1936, the probability of reporting a good health status ranges from 0.31 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.14–0.48), when fathers were classified as unskilled elementary workers, to 0.98 (95% CI 0.98–0.99) when they were managers or mid-level professionals. For those born during the period 1959–1975, those probabilities are 0.49 (95% CI 0.39–0.59) and 0.97 (95% CI 0.96–0.98), respectively. Therefore, health inequalities linked to parental socioeconomic status have been noticeably reduced, although discrimination against unskilled workers persists over time.ConclusionsGreat progress has been made in the health area during the twentieth century, so that the impact of parental socioeconomic status on individuals’ health has been significantly tempered for those at the bottom of the social scale. However, more efforts focused on the improvement of living conditions for most socioeconomically disadvantaged are needed in order to further reduce social inequalities in health.

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“…The plausibility of this multigenerational line of causality notwithstanding, empirical studies that relate processes of intergenerational transmission of capital to adult health are rare [27, 28]. In particular, research on the relationship between processes of intergenerational capital transmission and depression, an important domain of mental health, is nonexistent.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The intergenerational production of depression in South Korea: results from a cross-sectional study

Jeong

Veenstra

2017

Int J Equity Health

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BackgroundAlthough a number of studies have uncovered relationships between parental capital and the manifestation of depression in their children, little is known about the mechanisms that undergird the relationships. This study investigates the intergenerational effects of the cultural and economic capitals of South Korean parents on depressive symptoms in their adult children and the degree to which the capitals of the adult children explain them.MethodsWe employed nationally representative cross-sectional survey data from the 2006 Korea Welfare Panel Study. A sample of 11,576 adults over thirty years of age was used to investigate the intergenerational production of depression in South Korea. We applied binary logistic regression modelling to the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D).ResultsParental education (institutionalized cultural capital) manifested an independent and statistically significant inverse association with depressive symptoms [OR = 1.680 (95% CI: 1.118-2.523) for men; OR = 2.146 (95% CI: 1484–3.102) for women]. Childhood economic circumstances (economic capital) had an independent and statistically significant inverse association with depressive symptoms among adult women only [OR = 2.009 (95% CI: 1.531-2.635)]. The education of the adult children themselves was strongly associated with depressive symptoms in the expected direction [OR = 4.202 (95% CI: 2.856-6.181) for men; OR = 4.058 (95% CI: 2.824-5.830)] and the most of the association between parental capitals and depressive symptoms was explained by the educational attainment of the children. Receipt of monetary inheritance from parents had a weak but statistically significant association with depression among men [OR = 1.248 (95% CI: 1.041-1.496)] but was unrelated to depression among women. A large portion of the association between respondent education and depressive symptoms was explained by household income. Finally, childhood economic circumstances were associated with depressive symptoms among women over and above the cultural and economic capitals held by the women themselves [OR = 1.608 (95% CI: 2.08-2.139)].ConclusionsOur study illuminates the importance of the intergenerational transmission of capitals for the development of depressive symptoms among adults in South Korea.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12939-016-0513-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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The intergenerational inequality of health in China

Cited by 38 publications

References 74 publications

The role of online communities in reducing urban–rural health disparities in China

The role of online communities in reducing urban–rural health disparities in China

Estimating direct effects of parental occupation on Spaniards’ health by birth cohort

The intergenerational production of depression in South Korea: results from a cross-sectional study

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