The interface engine: Experimental consequences

Tauer, Klaus; Kozempel, Steffen; Rother, G.

doi:10.1016/j.jcis.2007.03.022

Cited by 47 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 26 publications

(29 reference statements)

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“…Such a situation has been observed for solid-solid and liquid-liquid combinations. 26,31,32 Interface species in contact with other materials are invasive. They use defects to conquer the foreign space.…”

Section: Thermodynamic Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Composition inversion to form calcium carbonate mixtures

et al. 2017

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aComposition inversion takes place in equimolar solid mixtures of sodium or ammonium carbonate and calcium chloride with respect to the combination of anions and cations leading to the corresponding chloride and calcite in complete conversion. The transformation takes place spontaneously under a variety of different situations, even in a powdery mixture resting under ambient conditions. Powder X-ray diffraction data and scanning electron microscopy micrographs are presented to describe the course of the reaction and to characterize the reaction products. The incomplete reaction in the interspace between two compressed tablets of pure starting materials leads to an electric potential due to the presence of uncompensated charges.

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Section: Thermodynamic Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Composition inversion to form calcium carbonate mixtures

et al. 2017

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“…24 In particular, the emulsification induced in the presence of ionic surfactants is likely to be related to the electrochemical instability. The electrochemical instability has been studied under the external control of Á W O º as described above.…”

Section: Spontaneous Emulsification As a Manifestation Of The Electromentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Instability in Liquid–Liquid Two-Phase Systems

Kitazumi¹,

Kakiuchi²

2011

Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan

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On the basis of the dependency of adsorption and partitioning of ionic surfactant on the phase-boundary potential (Á W O º), it is possible to understand in a unified manner various instability phenomena at the liquid«liquid interface in the presence of ionic surfactants, such as spontaneous emulsification, oscillation of Á W O º and interfacial tension, and irregularly increased currents on voltammograms of the transfer of surface-active ions across the interface. These instabilities are associated with the electrochemical instability, which defines a thermodynamically unstable condition at the liquid«liquid interface in terms of Á W O º and is a fundamental concept to understand the instabilities in the presence of ionic surfactants. The characteristic manifestations of the electrochemical instability, that is, the irregularly increased current on voltammograms in the transfer of surface-active ions, the spontaneous emulsification, and the spontaneous oscillation of Á W O º can be designed based on the criterion of the electrochemical instability.

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“…[23,24] Spontaneous emulsification describes the experimental finding that any combination of immiscible liquids leads to the spontaneous formation of an emulsion on either side of the interface without any input of mechanical energy, that is, at the quiescent interface. For instance, a few minutes after placing very carefully styrene on water, water droplets on the styrene side and styrene drops on the water side can be observed with a light microscope working in an ultramicroscope -like fashion.…”

Section: Combination Of Two Preformed Materials To Create Nanocompositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, a few minutes after placing very carefully styrene on water, water droplets on the styrene side and styrene drops on the water side can be observed with a light microscope working in an ultramicroscope -like fashion. [23] If instead of the pure organic liquid a solution is put on the top of water containing polymer particles spontaneous emulsification causes a variety of effects depending on the nature of the materials involved. If the organic liquid that is a solvent for the polymer contains a hydrophobic dye such as Sudan IV, Solvent Blue, or Hostasol Yellow the polymer particles become colored.…”

Section: Combination Of Two Preformed Materials To Create Nanocompositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heterophase Polymerization as Synthetic Tool in Polymer Chemistry for Making Nanocomposites

Tauer

Weber

Nozari

et al. 2009

Macromolecular Symposia

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Summary: The paper considers various possibilities to produce inorganic -polymeric nanocomposites via aqueous heterophase polymerization. Special emphasis is placed on strategies to synthesize nanocomposite particles via joint nucleation or joint polymerization. The former strategy is used to make composite particles with CaCO 3 as inorganic component. The strategy of joint polymerization takes advantage from the condition that aqueous heterophase polymerization is a convenient possibility to synthesize amphiphilic block copolymers. This method relies on the fact that polymeric radicals can survive in isolated latex particles that are stabilized by hydrophilic blocks. This strategy can be successfully applied to produce silicacontaining block copolymer particles in a one-step procedure.

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The interface engine: Experimental consequences

Cited by 47 publications

References 26 publications

Composition inversion to form calcium carbonate mixtures

Composition inversion to form calcium carbonate mixtures

Electrochemical Instability in Liquid–Liquid Two-Phase Systems

Heterophase Polymerization as Synthetic Tool in Polymer Chemistry for Making Nanocomposites

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