The interface between covulcanized rubber sheets by NMR imaging, scanning FTIR spectroscopy, and mechanical indentation mapping

Prado, Pablo J.; Gasper, L.; Fink, Gerd; Blümich, Bernhard; Herrmann, Volker; Unseld, K.; Fuchs, H. B.; Möhler, H.; Rühl, Martina

doi:10.1002/(sici)1439-2054(20000101)274:1<13::aid-mame13>3.3.co;2-q

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“…Although local changes in the chemical and material properties, that is, material property gradients and profiles, have been used1, 3 to estimate the interface thickness in composites and other material systems, the procedure for defining the actual interface from these profiles is still largely subjective. As a result, to maintain consistency in estimating the interface thickness from AFM phase images, a standard procedure had to be developed.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among the various AFM modes available, nanoindentation and force modulation have almost exclusively been used to estimate the thickness of the interface region. Prado et al1 reported an effort to characterize the interface thickness and stiffness using mechanical indentation spectroscopy. Hodzic et al2 recently studied the interfacial region in polymer/glass composite materials, using nanoindentation and involving indentations as little as 30 nm deep.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Measuring the relative interface thickness of multilayer polyolefin films with atomic force microscopy

Paradkar

Bar

et al. 2007

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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In any polymer blend system, the nature and thickness of the polymer interface can have a significant influence on the overall performance of the blend. Consequently, it is important to understand the nature of the interactions between the various blend components to effectively design blend combinations with desired enduse properties. However, because of the inherent level of difficulty, the quantitative measurement of the interface thickness in immiscible polymer blends has not been accomplished or reported in the literature. Atomic force microscopy in the tapping mode has been employed to establish a systematic methodology to measure the relative interface thickness of seven types of coextruded multilayer polyolefin films. Criteria have been developed to define profiles of the interface and estimate the interface thickness from these profiles. The effects of tip indentation on the measured value of the interface thickness are also considered. The atomic force microscopy method presented here allows for a direct quantitative estimate of the interface thickness in multilayer polyolefin films, which in turn provides a significantly better understanding of physical properties such as tear in coextruded blown films and the toughness/stiffness balance in injection-molded impact copolymers.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%