The interdependence of ammonia volatilization and denitrification as nitrogen loss processes in flooded rice fields in the Philippines

Freney, J. R.; Trevitt, A. C. F.; Datta, S. K. De; Obcemea, W. N.; Real, J. G.

doi:10.1007/bf00335858

Cited by 95 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…These values were well within the ranges reported by De Datta (1981) and Freney et al (1990) of 10-70%. The very low recovery of N at R300 was associated with reduced yield (Table 1).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

“…The large and rapid losses of mineral N from the flooded soils of the lowland systems have stimulated research to understand the mechanisms of loss and to improve the efficiency of use of fertilizer N, particularly by rice (e.g. Freney et al, 1990). Whilst low levels of soil nitrate can reduce cereal yields, there may be some compensation for legumes in the form of additional N 2 fixation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of N fertilization on N2 fixation and N balances of soybean grown after lowland rice

et al. 1992

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We report a study in northern Thailand to examine the effects of fertilizer N, applied both to paddy rice and to a subsequent soybean crop on symbiotic and yield characteristics of soybean and on the differences between inputs of fixed N 2 and the removal of N as harvested product. Treatments were a factorial arrangement of 0, 100 and 300 kg N ha -1 applied to the rice (designated R0, R100 and R300, respectively), and 0, 25 and 50 kg N ha -1, applied as 'starter' fertilizer to the soybean ($0, $25 and $50, respectively).Nitrogen applied to the rice increased rice yields by up to 74% but proportions recovered by the rice were low (45% [R100] and 14% [R300]). The rice N treatments had only marginal effects on soybean nodulation (up to 17% reduction in early growth) and above-ground dry matter (up to 9% increase). Effects on soybean seed yield and total N 2 fixed were insignificant. Starter N, applied to the soybean at sowing, also marginally reduced nodulation and enhanced above-ground dry matter. Total N 2 fixed was unaffected but seed yield was increased by up to 6%. For all treatments, total above-ground N ranged from 145 to 179kgha -~ with 72 to 85% (122 and 140kgha -~) derived from N 2 fixation. When harvested product consisted of seed only, differences between inputs of fixed N 2 and removals of seed N were close to zero (-10 to +9 kg N ha -l) with little effect of fertilizer N. The N balances were reduced by an average of 18 kg N ha -1 when straw was included as harvested product. We concluded that N applied to the rice and to the following soybean was inefficiently used by those crops and had only marginal effects of symbiotic activity of the soybean. Furthermore, the benefit of the N 2 fixing soybean in this system was to slow the decline of, rather than enhance, the N fertility of the soil

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“…These values were well within the ranges reported by De Datta (1981) and Freney et al (1990) of 10-70%. The very low recovery of N at R300 was associated with reduced yield (Table 1).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of N fertilization on N2 fixation and N balances of soybean grown after lowland rice

et al. 1992

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“…In a collection of papers, Freney and his colleagues find a wide range of denitrification rates. For 15 studies of flooded rice, denitrification ranged from 3 to 56% of the Nr applied, with a median value of 34% (Simpson et al 1984;Cai et al 1986;Galbally et al 1987;Simpson and Freeney 1988;De Datta et al 1989;Zhu et al 1989;Freney et al 1990;Keerthisinghe et al 1993;Freney et al 1995). An investigation of irrigated wheat found 50% of the applied Nr denitrified (Freney et al 1992).…”

Section: Agroecosystemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen Cycles: Past, Present, and Future

et al. 2004

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This paper contrasts the natural and anthropogenic controls on the conversion of unreactive N 2 to more reactive forms of nitrogen (Nr). A variety of data sets are used to construct global N budgets for 1860 and the early 1990s and to make projections for the global N budget in 2050. Regional N budgets for Asia, North America, and other major regions for the early 1990s, as well as the marine N budget, are presented to highlight the dominant fluxes of nitrogen in each region. Important findings are that human activities increasingly dominate the N budget at the global and at most regional scales, the terrestrial and open ocean N budgets are essentially disconnected, and the fixed forms of N are accumulating in most environmental reservoirs. The largest uncertainties in our understanding of the N budget at most scales are the rates of natural biological nitrogen fixation, the amount of Nr storage in most environmental reservoirs, and the production rates of N 2 by denitrification.

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“…These estimates of denitrifi cation ranged up to about 50% of the applied urea N, leading to speculation that NH 3 volatilization and denitrifi cation were concurrent, complementary loss mechanisms (De Datt a and Freney et al, 1990). In such case the management of urea to reduce NH 3 volatilization would lead to concurrent increases in denitrifi cation, resulting in litt le or no reduction in total loss of fertilizer N. A high variance and uncertainty is, however, associated with indirect estimates of denitrifi cation by diff erence, and indirectly estimated denitrifi cation rates ranging up to 50% of the applied urea N would require much higher nitrifi cation rates than the maximum reported for submerged rice soils (Buresh and De Datt a, 1990).…”

Section: Nitrifi Cation-denitrifi Cationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen Transformations in Submerged Soils

Buresh

Reddy

Kessel

2015

Agronomy Monographs

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Soils with continuous or intermitt ent submergence by water are widely distributed worldwide. They occur in a range of ecosystems including rice (Oryza sativa L.) fi elds, wetlands, estuaries, and fl oodplains. Such ecosystems oft en occur at low elevation in the landscape and are poorly drained with high retention of water. In addition, some upland areas with poor drainage can undergo periodic submergence and soil saturation. Moreover, the sediments in ocean, lake, and stream bottoms have similar biogeochemical and physical characteristics and N transformations as submerged agricultural soils.Rice fi elds surrounded by earthen levees to retain rain and irrigation water and ensure soil submergence are one of the world's major agricultural ecosystems. Rice is a staple food for nearly half the world's population, and about 95% of the global rice production occurs on fi elds with soil submerged during at least part of the rice-cropping period. The sustained productivity of this rice ecosystem, which ensures production of suffi cient food for a growing world population, relies heavily on the input and management of N.Nitrogen transformations in submerged soils are markedly diff erent from those in drained, aerated soils. These diff erences aff ect the prevalent soil microorganisms and microbial activities and the turnover, availabilility, and losses of N. To deal with the diff erences in N transformations between submerged and drained soils it is necessary to understand the biogeochemical conditions existing in submerged soils. This chapter is an update of an earlier review by Patrick (1982).

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The interdependence of ammonia volatilization and denitrification as nitrogen loss processes in flooded rice fields in the Philippines

Cited by 95 publications

References 19 publications

Effects of N fertilization on N2 fixation and N balances of soybean grown after lowland rice

Effects of N fertilization on N2 fixation and N balances of soybean grown after lowland rice

Nitrogen Cycles: Past, Present, and Future

Nitrogen Transformations in Submerged Soils

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