Abstract:This report illustrates the links between history, sport, endocrinology, and genetics to show the ways in which historical context is key to understanding the current conversations and controversies about who may compete in the female category in elite sport. The International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF) introduced hyperandrogenemia regulations for women’s competitions in 2011, followed by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) for the 2012 Olympics. The policies concern female athletes who … Show more
“…Деякі трансґендерні особи, які прагнуть до повноцінного життя в ролі протилежної статі, роблять трансґендерний перехід (корекцію біологічної статі) за допомогою хірургічного або гормонального лікування. Після трансґендерного переходу вони називаються транссексуалами [14].…”
Background. In recent years, there have been active disputes and disagreements among international sports leaders, including representatives of the International Olympic Committee, about the possibility of including transgender athletes in the number of participants in the Olympic Games. Objective of the review: to analyze of the modern scientific literature data to substantiate the possibility of admitting transgender women to participate in the women’s competitions of the Olympic Games. Review results indicate that the number of transgender candidates for participation in sports of higher achievements may be caused by the increase in the transgender population in the world. Currently, there is no significant scientific evidence on the biological benefits that hinder the integrity of transgender women’s competition in women’s sports. There is also no evidence that transgender women who have opted for testosterone suppression (e.g. hormone therapy to confirm sex and/or surgical removal of the sex glands) retain an indefinite advantage over cisgender athletes. To be more precise, current evidence suggests that any biological benefits of transgender women in athletic performance do not fall outside the range that is observed among cisgender female athletes after testosterone suppression. However, experts disagree in the field of medicine about the morphofunctional differences of transgender female athletes and cisgender female athletes, society’s rejection of female athletes after transgender transition, the indecision of International Olympic Committee representatives in solving this problem in women’s sports relevant and extremely painful for healthy women, sportswomen, for the development of sports in general and women’s sports in particular.Our further research will be aimed at expanding the study of the conceptual foundations of combining two key areas of research - medico-biological and socio-cultural, with integration into the practice of sports as one of the actual issues of our time that require a theoretically justified and practically proven solution.
“…Деякі трансґендерні особи, які прагнуть до повноцінного життя в ролі протилежної статі, роблять трансґендерний перехід (корекцію біологічної статі) за допомогою хірургічного або гормонального лікування. Після трансґендерного переходу вони називаються транссексуалами [14].…”
Background. In recent years, there have been active disputes and disagreements among international sports leaders, including representatives of the International Olympic Committee, about the possibility of including transgender athletes in the number of participants in the Olympic Games. Objective of the review: to analyze of the modern scientific literature data to substantiate the possibility of admitting transgender women to participate in the women’s competitions of the Olympic Games. Review results indicate that the number of transgender candidates for participation in sports of higher achievements may be caused by the increase in the transgender population in the world. Currently, there is no significant scientific evidence on the biological benefits that hinder the integrity of transgender women’s competition in women’s sports. There is also no evidence that transgender women who have opted for testosterone suppression (e.g. hormone therapy to confirm sex and/or surgical removal of the sex glands) retain an indefinite advantage over cisgender athletes. To be more precise, current evidence suggests that any biological benefits of transgender women in athletic performance do not fall outside the range that is observed among cisgender female athletes after testosterone suppression. However, experts disagree in the field of medicine about the morphofunctional differences of transgender female athletes and cisgender female athletes, society’s rejection of female athletes after transgender transition, the indecision of International Olympic Committee representatives in solving this problem in women’s sports relevant and extremely painful for healthy women, sportswomen, for the development of sports in general and women’s sports in particular.Our further research will be aimed at expanding the study of the conceptual foundations of combining two key areas of research - medico-biological and socio-cultural, with integration into the practice of sports as one of the actual issues of our time that require a theoretically justified and practically proven solution.
“…Although transgender women are not the only female athletes with XY chromosomes and they are not the only female athletes with potentially higher levels of testosterone than what is typically considered the female range (105), more public participation of transgender women in sports has resulted in interest in the subtleties of androgen impact on aspects of athletic performance (106). Despite a virtual absence of data, the androgen impact tends to be divided into two categories.…”
Section: Hormone Treatment and Athletic Performancementioning
“…There are comprehensive histories critically analysing the development of sex-gender testing and regulations in women's athletics (Heggie 2010, Schultz 2012a, Brömdal 2013, Pieper 2016, Bavington 2018, Rogol and Pieper 2018, Erikainen 2019. Collectively, these histories illustrate the united voices of medical representatives proposing the need for policies to 'protect' athletes in women's competition from 'unfair competition' since the 1930s.…”
Section: How Has This Representation Of the Problem Come About; What mentioning
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