The intercity railway connections in China: A comparative analysis of high-speed train and conventional train services

Unraveling the supply-service relationship between high-speed railway and conventional railway: A temporal perspective

“…Empirical evidence shows that HSR is the most competitive compared to airline when the travel distance is within 500-800 km (Chen, 2017). In China, the substitution effect of HSR on CR varies spatially in different corridors (Huang and Zong, 2022). In terms of supply, the frequency change in the time dimension and the travel time change in the space dimension of HSR have a significant impact on air passenger flow (Yang et al, 2018a).…”

“…But CR is still the best choice for cities with lower population density and poor socioeconomic performance (Shaw et al, 2014). Recent studies have shown the importance of cooperation between HSR and CR in improving travel efficiency and achieving spatial and social equity Huang and Zong, 2022). However, although some studies have compared the similarity and difference of the spatial pattern between HSR and CR from accessibility or network structure Huang and Zong, 2022), the exploration from the time dimension has not yet been seen.…”

“…Recent studies have shown the importance of cooperation between HSR and CR in improving travel efficiency and achieving spatial and social equity Huang and Zong, 2022). However, although some studies have compared the similarity and difference of the spatial pattern between HSR and CR from accessibility or network structure Huang and Zong, 2022), the exploration from the time dimension has not yet been seen. Therefore, it is necessary to deeply study the operation strategy of railway passenger transportation system from the perspective of time.…”

“…For example, while there is potential temporal competition between China's HSR and airlines, the two have complementary spatial and temporal effects in resisting different types of hazards (Wang et al, 2020b;Li and Rong, 2022). In the railway system, train schedules show that the service intensity of HSR and CR are complementary in terms of spatial distribution (Huang and Zong, 2022). Railway departments operate more frequent highspeed trains (HST) during the peak hours of passenger travel (Wang et al, 2020b), but the characteristics of time slot between HST and conventional trains (CT) have not yet received attentions.…”

“…As the HSR is mainly designed to connect large cities, in general, core cities benefit more from HSR than peripheral cities (Levinson, 2012;An et al, 2022). In addition, studies have shown that the core layer is the densest cluster in the railway network structure , carrying most of the traffic flow (Huang and Zong, 2022). Therefore, we attempt to enrich the research on HSR and CR supplyservice relationships among core cities, and take 39 core cities with high administrative level or high population in China as research objects.…”