The interactive effects of test-retest and methylphenidate administration on cognitive performance in youth with ADHD: A double-blind placebo-controlled crossover study

Horowitz, Itai; Avirame, Keren; Naim-Feil, Jodie; Rubinson, Mica; Moses, Elisha; Gothelf, Doron; Levit‐Binnun, Nava

doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113056

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Where a correlation was not reported, an estimate was made based on the correlations that were available. Calculated correlations from the available data sets ranged from 0.6 to 0.77, which appeared to be within the range of other cognitive task test–retest correlations surveyed [ 31 , 32 ]. For each cognitive task, a standardized mean difference was computed.…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 65%

Effect of Guarana (Paullinia cupana) on Cognitive Performance: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

et al. 2023

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The plant extract guarana is known for its caffeine content and other bioactive ingredients, which purportedly may improve cognitive performance. Recent reviews have examined the effects of chronic supplementation of guarana in clinical populations; however, the acute effects of guarana on cognitive tasks, while of interest, have produced mixed results. Whether acute guarana ingestion improves human cognitive performance was assessed by performing a systematic review coupled with a meta-analysis. Eight placebo-controlled studies were identified and met the inclusion criteria providing data on 328 participants. The dose of guarana (37.5 to 500 mg) with reported caffeine content (4.3 to 100 mg) varied. Effect sizes (ESs) were calculated as the standardized mean difference and meta-analyses were completed using a random-effects model. The ESs for guarana averaged across a variety of cognitive measures and outcome variables were less than trivial (Hedge’s g = 0.076, p = 0.14). Using a subgroup meta-analysis (Q = 12.9, p < 0.001), ESs indicating a faster response time for guarana vs. a placebo (g = 0.202, p = 0.005) differed from the accuracy measures (g = −0.077, p = 0.4) which were non-significant. For response time, guarana ingested in a capsule (g = 0.111) tended to differ (Q = 2.96, p = 0.085) compared to guarana when dissolved in liquid (g = 0.281). Meta-regression of the study ESs of overall cognitive task performance was not related to the guarana dose (R2 < 0.001) or to the time allowed prior to cognitive testing (R2 < 0.001). Acute guarana ingestion had a small effect on the response time (faster performance) during a variety of cognitive tasks without affecting the accuracy. Whether the changes were linked to the caffeine content or other bioavailable substances in guarana is unknown. Additional studies that directly compare matched doses of caffeine versus guarana are needed to understand its effects on cognitive performance.

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Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 65%

Effect of Guarana (Paullinia cupana) on Cognitive Performance: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

et al. 2023

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“…The lack of effect on response times is perhaps more complicated. Research has demonstrated that norepinephrine agonists such as yohimbine and methylphenidate, which inhibit the reuptake and transport of norepinephrine, are known to improve response times (Bagot & Kaminer, 2014; Horowitz et al, 2020; Maksimowski & Tampi, 2016; Pievsky & McGrath, 2018; Swann et al, 2014). Thus, these findings do not support the hypothesis that taVNS would decrease response times (i.e., faster responses to stimuli) by increasing norepinephrine circulation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of transcutaneous auricular vagal nerve stimulation on cognition in healthy individuals: A meta-analysis.

Ridgewell¹,

Heaton²,

Hildebrandt³

et al. 2021

Neuropsychology

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Objective: Transcutaneous auricular vagal nerve stimulation (taVNS) may benefit cognition in healthy adults but may differentially affect specific domains of cognitive function. Currently, optimal stimulation parameters of taVNS have yet to be identified and the overall effectiveness of this approach remains unclear. Method: A literature review and random effects meta-analysis evaluated the effects of taVNS on cognitive performance outcomes across domains of function and outcome metrics (accuracy and response times). Subgroup meta-analyses and meta-regression models explored the moderating effects of stimulation parameters on performance outcomes. Results: Meta-analyses on 19 eligible studies indicated a weighted effect size of 0.21 for the effect of taVNS on overall cognitive performance, with significant effects on measures of executive function and measures of accuracy. Parameter meta-analyses indicated that stimulation site was most associated with improvements in executive function (g tragus = 2.39, g cymba concha = 0.48; Q = 39.84, p < .0001; β = −2.33, p = .03). Conclusions: taVNS may improve cognition, particularly executive function, and stimulation parameters may differentially influence outcomes. Continued research into the effects of taVNS as well as optimal stimulation parameters will be beneficial. Key PointsQuestion: The present study assessed the effectiveness of transcutaneous auricular vagal nerve stimulation (taVNS) on healthy cognition using meta-analytic techniques. Findings: This analysis finds that taVNS has a beneficial impact on cognition, particularly executive functions. Importance: This is the first quantitative assessment of the effects of taVNS and may be valuable to those using taVNS to improve cognitive function. Next Steps: This review highlights future directions for cognitive research using taVNS, particularly in further assessment of optimal stimulation parameters.

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“…In these four studies, between 27% and 100% of the children included were on medication. The research highlighted the positive effect of methylphenidate on attention, inhibition, working memory, and reaction time (Horowitz et al, 2020; Idema et al, 2021; Pietrzak et al, 2006). With the exception of the study by Meftagh et al (2014), who set up a specific group for children on medication, it is reasonable to assume that the effects described are partly explained by the drug treatment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioral Parent Training for School-Aged Children With ADHD: A Systematic Review of Randomized Control Trials

Marquet-Doléac,

Biotteau,

Chaix

2023

J Atten Disord

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Background: All guidelines for the treatment of ADHD in children include behavioral parent training in combination with other strategies. In the past, several systematic reviews have been carried out that were either outdated or not sufficiently specific to ADHD. We wanted to conduct a new review focusing on a specific ADHD population of school age (4–12 years) and on behavioral and cognitive programs. We aimed to test our hypothesis that behavioral parent training would improve parents’ difficulties, children’s symptomatology, and the quality of life of families with ADHD. Methods: PUBMED, PsychInfo, Web of Science, ERIC, and Cochrane databases were searched for original articles on randomized control trials on behavioral parent training group for children with ADHD aged from 4 to 12 years until July 2023. Results: A total of 20 studies were included in the systematic review. The results were divided into four categories: parent data, child data collected by parents, teachers, or researchers. A qualitative analysis revealed for parents, effects on parental stress, feelings of parental efficacy, and negative parental educational behavior. As regard children, only effects are noted for parental assessment, on ADHD symptomatology, externalized disorders, and social skills. Conclusion: Despite the heterogeneity or small number of studies in some categories, BPTs have positive effects on both parents and children. There are no convincing results to support the generalization of progress. This would seem to indicate that it remains essential to consider actions specific to each problematic environment for the child.

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The interactive effects of test-retest and methylphenidate administration on cognitive performance in youth with ADHD: A double-blind placebo-controlled crossover study

Cited by 8 publications

References 46 publications

Effect of Guarana (Paullinia cupana) on Cognitive Performance: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Effect of Guarana (Paullinia cupana) on Cognitive Performance: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

The effects of transcutaneous auricular vagal nerve stimulation on cognition in healthy individuals: A meta-analysis.

Behavioral Parent Training for School-Aged Children With ADHD: A Systematic Review of Randomized Control Trials

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