The Interactive Effects of Severe Vitamin D Deficiency and Iodine Nutrition Status on the Risk of Thyroid Disorder in Pregnant Women

Lu, Wei; Wang, Zhengyuan; Sun, Zhuo; Shi, Zehuan; Song, Qi; Cui, Xueying; Shen, Liping; Qu, Mengying; Mai, Shupeng; Zang, Jiajie

doi:10.3390/nu14214484

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References 41 publications

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“…Briefly, pregnant women who had lived in Shanghai for at least six months in the past year and who had established a healthy record at the local community health service center during different trimesters (first trimester ≤12 gestational weeks (GW), the second trimester (13–27 GW), and the third trimester (≥28 GW)) were recruited. The inclusion criteria for all pregnant women and detailed information about the study cohort, the study sites, and characteristics of the study group have been previously reported [ 24 , 25 ]. The first round of data collection took place from April 2017 to October 2017, during which pregnant women were enrolled in the study.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iodine Status of Infants and Toddlers under 2 Years of Age and Its Association with Feeding Behaviors and Maternal Iodine Status in Shanghai: A Quantile Regression Analysis

Zhou,

Si,

Han

et al. 2024

Nutrients

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It is crucial to provide adequate iodine nutrition to infants and toddlers for proper thyroid function and subsequent brain development. Infants are particularly vulnerable to iodine deficiency during the transition from a milk-based diet (breast milk and/or infant formula) to solid food. This study examines the current iodine levels of children during their first two years of life and investigates the association between these levels and feeding behaviors and the iodine status of their mothers in Shanghai, a city located in eastern China. A hospital-based cohort study was conducted to enroll mother–child pairs, where the child is aged 6–23 months, who visited community health service centers in the 16 districts of Shanghai, China. Data on socio-demographic factors and feeding behavior data were collected from the participants. The urinary iodine concentration (UIC) in both the young children and their mothers were analyzed. A total of 2282 mother–child pairs were included in this analysis. The median (p25–p75) UIC for lactating women, weaning women, and children were 121.3 μg/L (68.1–206.4 μg/L), 123.4 μg/L (58.4–227.2 μg/L), and 152.1 μg/L (75.8–268.3 μg/L), respectively. The UIC in children was found to be higher than that in their mothers (p < 0.001). Children who consumed less than 500 mL per day of formula milk in the last week had lower UICs compared with those who consumed 500 mL per day or more (p = 0.026). Furthermore, the children’s UIC was positively correlated with the maternal UIC (rs = 0.285, p < 0.001). Multiple quantile regression analysis revealed a statistically significant positive association between maternal UIC and children’s UIC between the 0.1 and 0.9 quantiles (all p < 0.001). We found that the iodine status of infants and toddlers, as well as of mothers, was sufficient. However, a large minority of children and mothers may be at risk of iodine deficiency. Furthermore, no associations between children’s UIC and feeding behaviors were observed. Moreover, there was a positive correlation between the UIC of young children and their mothers.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%