The interactive effect of cooling and hypoxia on forearm fatigue development

Lloyd, Alexander; Havenith, George

doi:10.1007/s00421-015-3181-1

Cited by 23 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Despite a 38.0 % drop in performance in the combined trial, we did not observe a significant interaction effect between temperature and altitude as Girard and Racinais (2014) did. Similar to the study of Lloyd et al (2015), the effects of both stressors showed to be additive in the present study. Girard and Racinais (2014) looked at aspects of neuromuscular fatigue in order to study the potential mechanisms behind their observed interaction effect.…”

Section: Exercise Capacitysupporting

confidence: 89%

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The influence of a mild thermal challenge and severe hypoxia on exercise performance and serum BDNF

et al. 2015

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Exercise capacity was significantly reduced due to an increase in altitude (3800 m; -34.3%) or a 10 °C increase in ambient temperature (-3.2%). The combination of both stressors showed to be additive (-38.0 %). Altitude induced an increase in RT and RT variability presenting a deterioration in cognitive functioning during acute hypoxia. Exercise significantly increased BDNF, but no effect of altitude on the BDNF concentration was observed.

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Section: Exercise Capacitysupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Lloyd et al (2015) examined the independent and combined effects of hypoxia (sea level or ±4000 m) and temperature (22-5 °C) on muscle fatigue development in the forearm after repeated low-resistance contractions. They observed no significant interaction between cold and hypoxia (independent contributions) on the total decrease in force.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of a mild thermal challenge and severe hypoxia on exercise performance and serum BDNF

et al. 2015

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“…(G to K) shows the recent studies (refs. 3, 5, 4, 2 and 4 respectively) that have employed an individual and combined stressors approach to investigate human performance under thermal and hypoxic stress. Together these studies provide evidence that as the individual stressors impact increases, there is a progressive shift from additive to antagonistic (hypo-additive) interactions. …”

Section: Understanding and Characterizing Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this regard, Broadbent, 1 and Lloyd et al 3 . each proposed - from within their respective fields - that interactions between stressors may be linked to their physiological and/ or psychological ‘mechanisms of action’.…”

Section: General Principles Affecting Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Interactions in human performance: An individual and combined stressors approach

Lloyd¹,

Havenith²

2016

Temperature

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Independent, additive and interactive effects of acute normobaric hypoxia and cold on submaximal and maximal endurance exercise

Callovini,

Fornasiero,

Savoldelli

et al. 2023

Eur J Appl Physiol

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Purpose To evaluate the independent and combined effects of hypoxia (FiO2 = 13.5%) and cold (− 20 °C) on physiological and perceptual responses to endurance exercise. Methods 14 trained male subjects ($$\mathop {\text{V}}\limits^{.}$$ V . O2max: 64 ± 5 mL/kg/min) randomly performed a discontinuous maximal incremental test to exhaustion on a motorized treadmill under four environmental conditions: Normothermic-Normoxia (N), Normothermic-Hypoxia (H), Cold-Normoxia (C) and Cold-Hypoxia (CH). Performance and physiological and perceptual responses throughout exercise were evaluated. Results Maximal WorkLoad (WL) and WL at lactate threshold (LT) were reduced in C (− 2.3% and − 3.5%) and H (− 18.0% and − 21.7%) compared to N, with no interactive (p = 0.25 and 0.81) but additive effect in CH (− 21.5% and − 24.6%). Similarly, HRmax and Vemax were reduced in C (− 3.2% and − 14.6%) and H (− 5.0% and − 7%), showing additive effects in CH (− 7.7% and − 16.6%). At LT, additive effect of C (− 2.8%) and H (− 3.8%) on HR reduction in CH (− 5.7%) was maintained, whereas an interactive effect (p = 0.007) of the two stressors combined was noted on Ve (C: − 3.1%, H: + 5.5%, CH: − 10.9%). [La] curve shifted on the left in CH, displaying an interaction effect between the 2 stressors on this parameter. Finally, RPE at LT was exclusively reduced by hypoxia (p < 0.001), whereas TSmax is synergistically reduced by cold and hypoxia (interaction p = 0.047). Conclusion If compared to single stress exposure, exercise performance and physiological and perceptual variables undergo additive or synergistic effects when cold and hypoxia are combined. These results provide new insight into human physiological responses to extreme environments.

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The interactive effect of cooling and hypoxia on forearm fatigue development

Cited by 23 publications

References 60 publications

The influence of a mild thermal challenge and severe hypoxia on exercise performance and serum BDNF

The influence of a mild thermal challenge and severe hypoxia on exercise performance and serum BDNF

Interactions in human performance: An individual and combined stressors approach

Independent, additive and interactive effects of acute normobaric hypoxia and cold on submaximal and maximal endurance exercise

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