“…Usually, reciprocal interaction routines are created because mothers apply intentions to their babies' behaviors, approaching them as conversation turns (Dunham & Dunham, 1995;Kaye & Charney, 1981;Meltzoff & Gopnik, 1993;Messer, 1994;Snow, 1979). Deaf mothers of deaf children assign intentions more to nonverbal behaviors with more pronounced nonverbal reactions, such as more body language, gesture, positive facial expression, and smiling (Erting, Prezioso, & O'Grady Hynes, 1990;Harris, 2001;Koester, 1992Koester, , 1995Koester, Brooks, & Karkowski, 1998;Koester et al, 2000;Maestas y Moores, 1980;Meadow-Orlans, MacTurk, Prezioso, Erting, & Day, 1987;Reilly & Bellugi, 1996;Smith-Gray & Koester, 1995).…”