The interaction of host and nematode galectins influences the outcome of gastrointestinal nematode infections

Donskow‐Łysoniewska, Katarzyna; Maruszewska-Cheruiyot, Marta; Stear, M. J.

doi:10.1017/s003118202100007x

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…T. circumcincta galectin (Tci-gal-1) has the potential to modulate the host immune response [20]. However, the function of this parasite galectin remains to be elucidated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…IgE can act with larval-specific IgG1 to mediate helminth expulsion, as demonstrated in Merino lambs resistant to H. contortus [43]. Parasite galectins are known to bind IgE [20] and galectin may act as a molecular sponge to soak up antibodies and inhibit antibody function [20]. The identification of Ig domain-containing proteins suggest that Tci-gal-1 can interact with a range of antibodies and the Ig superfamily of proteins to regulate an environment that aids in parasite survival.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Galectins are a family of β-galactoside-binding lectins that bind to glycans, such as lactose [17][18][19][20]. Galectins are characterised by the presence of at least one carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD) consisting of approximately 135 amino acid residues [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Teladorsagia Circumcincta Galectin-Mucosal Interactome in Sheep

Hafidi

Swan

Faou

et al. 2021

Veterinary Sciences

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Teladorsagia circumcincta is the most important gastrointestinal parasite in the livestock industry in temperate regions around the world, causing great economic losses. The infective third-stage larvae (L3) of Teladorsagia circumcincta secrete a large number of excretory-secretory (E/S) molecules, some of which are likely to play critical roles in modulating the host immune response. One of the most abundant E/S molecules is a protein termed Tci-gal-1, which has similarity to mammalian galectins. Galectins are a family of carbohydrate-binding molecules, with characteristic domain organisation and affinity for β-galactosids that mediate a variety of important cellular functions including inflammation and immune responses. To understand the role of Tci-gal-1 at the host–parasite interface, we used a proteomics pull-down approach to identify Tc-gal-1 interacting proteins from sheep abomasal scrapes and whole tissue. A total of 135 unique proteins were identified from whole abomasal tissue samples, while 89 proteins were isolated from abomasal scrape samples. Of these proteins, 63 were present in both samples. Many of the host proteins identified, such as trefoil factors and mucin-like proteins, play critical roles in the host response. The identification of Tci-gal-1 binding partners provides new insights on host–parasite interactions and could lead to the development of new control strategies.

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“…T. circumcincta galectin (Tci-gal-1) has the potential to modulate the host immune response [20]. However, the function of this parasite galectin remains to be elucidated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Teladorsagia Circumcincta Galectin-Mucosal Interactome in Sheep

Hafidi

Swan

Faou

et al. 2021

Veterinary Sciences

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“…In fact, it was recently hypothesized that the gut-brain-axis has a major role in the manifestation of symptoms during NCC, mainly in patients with mental illness, depression and epilepsy [18], highlighting the importance for the microbiota in this field. Also, it was suggested that these interactions for the gut-brain-axis are dependent on galectin-7 (Gal-7) expression in brain endothelial cells during human T. s o l i u m cysticercosis [19]. Thus, the main actors for the development of cysticercosis are the host immune response, the microenvironment for the parasite development either the gut or NCS, the microbiota, and the host health status.…”

Section: General Aspects Of the Immune Response During Ncc And Taeniasismentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of the Immune Response in Cysticercosis: Lessons from an Old Acquainted Infection

Terrazas¹

2021

Current State of the Art in Cysticercosis and Neurocysticercosis

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In the last decades, we have learned some critical lessons about the relationship between the human body and its interaction with many infectious diseases, where regularly, the immune system has a major role in protection. We learned to differentiate between the immune response occurring in either an intracellular or extracellular parasitic infection, between innate and adaptive immune response, between either inflammatory or anti-inflammatory responses, and finally, we learned to recognize very particular mechanisms, such as the inability of the immune system to respond during very particular scenarios, such as the inability of T cells to both proliferate and produce cytokines even after their exposure to mitogens or specific-antigens. Along with our increase in the knowledge in immunology, we figured out that immunoregulation and immunosuppression are processes used by many parasites to reduce the capacity of the immune system to eliminate them, and to persist in the host favoring their transmission and also to complete their life cycles. Immunoregulation involves several mechanisms such as anergy, apoptosis, induction of both suppressive cytokines and membrane-bound molecules, as well as specialized cell populations of the immune system like regulatory T cells, Alternative Activated Macrophages, or Myeloid-derived Suppressor Cells, that together modify the outcome of the immune response. In this chapter we will review the general differences between the different types of immunoregulation, the kind of cellular populations of the immune system used by the helminths Taenia solium and Taenia crassiceps to induce immunoregulation and immunosuppression and also, the mechanisms used by these parasites such as mimicking molecules of the immune system to replace directly these mechanisms. Understanding and deciphering all these regulatory mechanisms could be useful to develop new tools to control this infection.

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“…In addition to sugars, CTLs can also recognize a variety of ligands, such as lipids, proteins, and uric acid crystals [ 21 ]. Lectins from hosts have been well studied but less studied in parasitic nematodes [ 22 ]. Previous studies have shown that parasite-derived lectins are mainly involved in parasite adhesion and invasion to host cells [ 23 , 24 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel C-type lectin from Trichinella spiralis mediates larval invasion of host intestinal epithelial cells

Song

Ning

et al. 2022

Vet Res

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The aim of this study was to investigate the characteristics of a novel type C lectin from Trichinella spiralis (TsCTL) and its role in larval invasion of intestinal epithelial cells (IECs). TsCTL has a carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD) of C-type lectin. The full-length TsCTL cDNA sequence was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli BL21. The results of qPCR, Western blotting and immunofluorescence assays (IFAs) showed that TsCTL was a surface and secretory protein that was highly expressed at the T. spiralis intestinal infective larva (IIL) stages and primarily located at the cuticle, stichosome and embryos of the parasite. rTsCTL could specifically bind with IECs, and the binding site was localized in the IEC nucleus and cytoplasm. The IFA results showed that natural TsCTL was secreted and bound to the enteral epithelium at the intestinal stage of T. spiralis infection. The rTsCTL had a haemagglutinating effect on murine erythrocytes, while mannose was able to inhibit the rTsCTL agglutinating effect for mouse erythrocytes. rTsCTL accelerated larval intrusion into the IECs, whereas anti-rTsCTL antibodies and mannose significantly impeded larval intrusion in a dose-dependent manner. The results indicated that TsCTL specifically binds to IECs and promotes larval invasion of intestinal epithelium, and it might be a potential target of vaccines against T. spiralis enteral stages.

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The interaction of host and nematode galectins influences the outcome of gastrointestinal nematode infections

Abstract: Abstract

Cited by 11 publications

References 79 publications

Teladorsagia Circumcincta Galectin-Mucosal Interactome in Sheep

Teladorsagia Circumcincta Galectin-Mucosal Interactome in Sheep

Regulation of the Immune Response in Cysticercosis: Lessons from an Old Acquainted Infection

A novel C-type lectin from Trichinella spiralis mediates larval invasion of host intestinal epithelial cells

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