The interaction of CpEBF1 with CpMADSs is involved in cell wall degradation during papaya fruit ripening

Ding, Xuezhi; Zhu, Xiaoyang; Ye, Lanlan; Xiao, Shuangling; Wu, Zhongjie; Chen, Weixin; Li, Xueping

doi:10.1038/s41438-018-0095-1

Cited by 44 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…It appears that 1-MCP increases storage flesh disorders. Unsuitable 1-MCP treatment also causes rubber pulp in papaya fruit [6, 7, 30] . In the present study, short-term 1-MCP delayed the ethylene peak and repressed ethylene production, delayed the fruit softening, and maintained fruit quality, which was consistent with previous studies on papaya [5].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In papaya fruit, The activities of hydrolases including endoglucanase, β-galactosidase, PME, β-xylosidase and endoxylanase were dramatically increased with fruit ripening, but 1-MCP severely repressed their activities, which may correlated “rubbery” texture caused by 1-MCP [8]. Our previous work also showed that the activities of corresponding key enzymes for cell wall degradation in papaya, including PME, PG, PL, and cellulase (CX), were also dramatically repressed by 1-MCP in papaya fruit [30]. These enzymes play important roles in cell wall degradation, in an coordinated and interdependent manner [38, 47].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Transcriptomic analysis reveals key factors in fruit ripening and rubbery texture caused by 1-MCP in papaya

Zhu

Ding

et al. 2019

BMC Plant Biol

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Background Ethylene promotes fruit ripening whereas 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP), a non-toxic antagonist of ethylene, delays fruit ripening via the inhibition of ethylene receptor. However, unsuitable 1-MCP treatment can cause fruit ripening disorders. Results In this study, we show that short-term 1-MCP treatment (400 nL•L − 1 , 2 h) significantly delays papaya fruit ripening with normal ripening characteristics. However, long-term 1-MCP treatment (400 nL•L − 1 , 16 h) causes a “rubbery” texture of fruit. The comparative transcriptome analysis showed that a total of 5529 genes were differently expressed during fruit ripening compared to freshly harvested fruits. Comprehensive functional enrichment analysis showed that the metabolic pathways of carbon metabolism, plant hormone signal transduction, biosynthesis of amino acids, and starch and sucrose metabolism are involved in fruit ripening. 1-MCP treatment significantly affected fruit transcript levels. A total of 3595 and 5998 differently expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between short-term 1-MCP, long-term 1-MCP treatment and the control, respectively. DEGs are mostly enriched in the similar pathway involved in fruit ripening. A large number of DEGs were also identified between long-term and short-term 1-MCP treatment, with most of the DEGs being enriched in carbon metabolism, starch and sucrose metabolism, plant hormone signal transduction, and biosynthesis of amino acids. The 1-MCP treatments accelerated the lignin accumulation and delayed cellulose degradation during fruit ripening. Considering the rubbery phenotype, we inferred that the cell wall metabolism and hormone signal pathways are closely related to papaya fruit ripening disorder. The RNA-Seq output was confirmed using RT-qPCR by 28 selected genes that were involved in cell wall metabolism and hormone signal pathways. Conclusions These results showed that long-term 1-MCP treatment severely inhibited ethylene signaling and the cell wall metabolism pathways, which may result in the failure of cell wall degradation and fruit softening. Our results reveal multiple ripening-associated events during papaya fruit ripening and provide a foundation for understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying 1-MCP treatment on fruit ripening and the regulatory networks. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12870-019-1904-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptomic analysis reveals key factors in fruit ripening and rubbery texture caused by 1-MCP in papaya

Zhu

Ding

et al. 2019

BMC Plant Biol

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“…The microstructure of banana sarcocarp cells was evaluated using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) as previously described [20,37].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The cDNA library was constructed as previously described by Ding et al [20]. The total mRNA was isolated by an RNA Extraction Kit (Aidlab Biotechnologies Co., Ltd., Beijing, China).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…EIN3 can be degraded by EBF1/2 through an ubiquitin/proteasome-mediated pathway under no ethylene condition [16]. The function characterization of EBF genes has been studied in just a few fruits, including tomato [17,18], apple [19], and papaya [20]. At the onset of fruiting, the gene expression of SlEBF1/2 has been shown to increase sharply, suggesting that SlEBF genes may be pivotal components in regulating ethylene signal responses during tomato fruit ripening.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Involvement of the Banana F-Box Protein MaEBF1 in Regulating Chilling-Inhibited Starch Degradation through Interaction with a MaNAC67-Like Protein

et al. 2019

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Low-temperature storage is a common strategy for preserving and transporting vegetables and fruits. However, many fruits are hypersensitive to chilling injury, including bananas. In the present study, storage conditions of 11 °C delayed the ripening of Fenjiao (Musa ABB Pisang Awak) banana, and the pulp could be softened after ethephon treatment. Storage conditions of 7 °C prevented fruit from fully softening, and fruit contained a significantly higher starch content and lower soluble sugar content. MaEBF1, a critical gene component in the ethylene signaling pathway, was repressed during ripening after fruit had been stored for 12 days at 7 °C. The expression of a series of starch degradation-related genes and a MaNAC67-like gene were also severely repressed. Both MaEBF1 and MaNAC67-like genes were ethylene-inducible and localized in the nucleus. MaNAC67-like protein was able to physically bind to the promoter of genes associated with starch degradation, including MaBAM6, MaSEX4, and MaMEX1. Yeast two-hybrid, GST-pull down, and BiFC assays showed that MaEBF1 interacted with the MaNAC67-like protein, and their interaction further activated the promoters of MaBAM6 and MaSEX4. The current study indicates that MaNAC67-like is a direct regulator of starch degradation and potential for involvement in regulating chilling-inhibited starch degradation by interacting with the ethylene signaling components in banana fruit. The present work paves the way for further functional analysis of MaEBF1 and MaNAC67-like in banana, which will be useful for understanding the regulation of banana starch metabolism and fruit ripening.

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Labour‐saving construction of a target protein interaction network by selective culture and high‐throughput sequencing

Chen

et al. 2021

Biotechnology Journal

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Yeast two‐hybrid (Y2H) is a classic method of screening for protein‐protein interactions. However, the operation process is labor intensive and time consuming, and there is a high possibility of false positives and false negatives. Combined with wet lab operation and bioinformatics analysis, we developed a novel method of Y2H library screening using Chrysanthemum morifolium CmMPK3 as an example. The protocol can not only greatly simplify the steps of traditional Y2H library screening but also identify as many interacting proteins as possible. Furthermore, this protocol is applicable to any species, even if no genomic information is available yet.

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The interaction of CpEBF1 with CpMADSs is involved in cell wall degradation during papaya fruit ripening

Cited by 44 publications

References 57 publications

Transcriptomic analysis reveals key factors in fruit ripening and rubbery texture caused by 1-MCP in papaya

Transcriptomic analysis reveals key factors in fruit ripening and rubbery texture caused by 1-MCP in papaya

The Involvement of the Banana F-Box Protein MaEBF1 in Regulating Chilling-Inhibited Starch Degradation through Interaction with a MaNAC67-Like Protein

Labour‐saving construction of a target protein interaction network by selective culture and high‐throughput sequencing

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