The interaction of calcium and hydrogen ions in the nodulation of subterranean clover

Loneragan, J. F.; Dowling, EJ

doi:10.1071/ar9580464

Cited by 96 publications

(40 citation statements)

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“…Less clear results are observed for nutrients where requirements for symbiotic nitrogen fixation and host plant growth are similar, e.g. Ca (Loneragan and Dowling, 1958;Loneragan, 1959), Cu (Snowball et al, 1980), P (Robson et al, 1981). Although these general approaches can indicate the relative requirements of the legume host and the symbiosis, it is necessary to use more specific analytical methods to determine which particular stage of the symbiotic sequence is most sensitive to a nutrient deficiency.…”

Section: Methods To Assess Nutrient Constraints To Nitrogen Fixationmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…However, the results of further work seemed to contradict these previous results, with several reports showing many rhizobia (R. trifolii, R. meliloti, Rhizobium sp.) being able to grow in culture with very low levels of Ca (16-31 #M;Bergersen, 1961;Loneragan and Dowling, 1958;Norris, 1959;Vincent, 1962). This led to the postulation that Rhizobium is not a Ca-sensitive organism.…”

Section: Magnesiummentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Previous laboratory work investigating the Ca nutrition of rhizobia had indicated very low Ca requirements (<100#M. Bergersen, 1961;Loneragan and Dowling, 1958;Vincent, 1977). However, these earlier studies had all been undertaken using artificial media containing millimolar concentrations of P. These high P levels would be encountered by rhizobia only in the root nodule or under laboratory conditions, and such high concentrations of P would not be present either in soil solutions or the rhizosphere.…”

Section: Nutrient Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Also, the known interaction between Ca and H + for some rhizobia (e.g. R. trifolii, Loneragan and Dowling, 1958) may be related to the role of Ca in the maintenance of cell wall integrity. An intact normally formed cell wall may be important for the maintenance of intraceUular pH 'at physiological levels under external acidic conditions.…”

Section: Nutrient Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Mineral constraints to nitrogen fixation

Boonkerd²,

1988

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Section: Methods To Assess Nutrient Constraints To Nitrogen Fixationmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Magnesiummentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Nutrient Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Nutrient Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Mineral constraints to nitrogen fixation

Boonkerd²,

1988

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“…Nodule formation was greatly reduced when the pH of the medium or soil dropped to 4.5. This effect of acidity on nodule formation has been ascribed to the inhibitory effect of acidity on Rhizobium growth (17). Others have also suggested that prolonged growth in acidic medium reduces the effectiveness of Rhizobium strains to induce root hair curling and infection (20) There is a culture-phase-dependent conversion of galactosyl to 4-0-methylgalactosyl residues in the capsular polysaccharide of B. japonicum (19).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative assay for binding of Bradyrhizobium japonicum to cultured soybean cells

Schindler

et al. 1988

J Bacteriol

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Incubation of Bradyrhizobium japonicum with the cultured soybean cell line SB-1 resulted in the adhesion of the bacteria to the plant cells. An antiserum was raised against B. japonicum, and the 1251-laheled immunoglobulin fraction was used to quantitate the number of bacteria bound to the soybean cells. The measurement of '251-labeled antibody binding correlated well with parallel assays by microscopic observation.Using this quantitation, we have optimized the parameters of the assay in terms of time course, ratio of B. japonicum to SB-1 cells, and pH. We then explored the effects of saccharides, NaCl, EDTA, and culture age of the bacteria and SB-1 cells on B. japonicum binding under these optimal assay conditions. The results showed good correlation between conditions that govern B. japonicum binding to SB-1 cells in culture and those that regulate B. japonicum-induced nodulation in legume roots. Together, they suggest that this binding event may be important in controlling host specfficity.In previous studies we have shown that incubation of Bradyrhizobium japonicum with the cultured soybean cell line SB-1, originally derived from the roots of Glycine max, resulted in specific adhesion of the bacteria to the plant cells (10). There was correlation between Rhizobium binding and establishment of in vivo symbiosis; only homologous Rhizobium strains that normally nodulate soybean roots bound to the SB-1 cells. In all of these studies, the binding of the bacteria to the plant cell was assayed by microscopic observation. 4 days by transferring 20 ml of cultures to 50 ml of fresh lB5C medium (basic medium plus 1 mg of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and 2 g of casein hydrolysate [pH 6.2] per liter) (10).B. japonicum RllOd was obtained from Barry Chelm, and Rhizobium meliloti 102F28, R. leguminosarum 128C56, and R. trifolii 0403 were obtained from Frank Dazzo. Various Rhizobium strains were cultured on yeast extract-mannitolsodium gluconate medium at 30°C in a gyratory shaker at 100 rpm (4). Inocula were grown to mid-exponential phase. The concentrations of the bacteria were adjusted to 2 x 108 bacteria per ml or otherwise as stated below with 1B5C medium by direct counting under the microscope.The growth curve of B. japonicum was constructed by inoculating 0.5 ml of the bacterial suspension culture to 50 ml of fresh bacterial medium. The culture was maintained at 300C. At different time intervals, 1.0 ml of the bacterial suspension was removed and the A620 was determined.Generation of antibody against B. japonicum. B. japonicum cells at mid-exponential phase were washed three times by centrifugation (10,000 x g for 20 min) and suspension in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS; 10 mM sodium phosphate, 0.137 M NaCl, 3 mM KCl, 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM CaCl2 [pH 7.4]). The bacteria were suspended in water and heated for 10 min in a sand bath at 97°C. This bacterial sample was kept in the freezer at -20°C in 0.2-ml aliquots (1 mg of protein per ml). One such aliquot (0.2 ml) was diluted to 1 ml with H20, 1 ml of complete Freund adjuva...

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Silicon effects on nodule growth, dry‐matter production, and mineral nutrition of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata)

Mali

Aery

Naresh³

2008

Z. Pflanzenernähr. Bodenk.

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Silicon (Si) is not considered as an essential element for plant growth and development but application of Si improved plant growth. In this study, the effect of various concentrations of Si as sodium metasilicate (0, 50, 100, 200, 400, and 800 µg g–1) on nodule growth and mineral nutrition of Rhizobium sp. U 15–inoculated cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) plants grown in pots was studied. Lower additions of Si (50–100 µg g–1) significantly increased nodule growth (nodule number, nodule fresh weight and dry weight), relative yield of root and shoot, nitrogen, phosphorus, and calcium concentrations. Plant Si concentrations increased with an increase in soil‐applied Si. Nodule growth negatively correlated with higher applied concentrations of Si (200–800 µg g–1). The results indicate that Si at low concentrations is beneficial for nodule growth.

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The interaction of calcium and hydrogen ions in the nodulation of subterranean clover

Cited by 96 publications

References 0 publications

Mineral constraints to nitrogen fixation

Mineral constraints to nitrogen fixation

Quantitative assay for binding of Bradyrhizobium japonicum to cultured soybean cells

Silicon effects on nodule growth, dry‐matter production, and mineral nutrition of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata)

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