The interaction of annual weed and white mold management systems for dry bean production in Canada

PynenburgGerard,; SikkemaPeter,; RobinsonDarren,; GillardChris,

doi:10.4141/cjps10127

Cited by 18 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Over 12 yr, average incidence was significantly higher with CONS (19%) than CONV management (6%). Pynenburg et al (2011) reported that high weed pressure in the presence of white mold increased disease severity for dry bean in Ontario. In our study, narrow‐row dry bean often had higher weed populations (Blackshaw et al, 2015) than wide‐row due to reliance on herbicides for weed control in the absence of inter‐row cultivation and this may have contributed to higher white mold incidence.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conservation Management Practices and Rotations for Irrigated Dry Bean Production in Southern Alberta

Larney

Pearson

et al. 2015

Agronomy Journal

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Dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) production on the Canadian prairies has traditionally used wide rows, inter‐row cultivation, and undercutting at harvest. Recent breeding efforts have produced cultivars with more upright growth which are better suited to solid‐seeded narrow‐row production systems. A 12 yr (2000–2011) study compared conservation (CONS) and conventional (CONV) management for dry bean in 3‐ to 6‐yr rotations. The CONS rotations included reduced tillage, cover crops, feedlot manure compost, and solid‐seeded narrow‐row dry bean. Effects of CONS management on plant density were inconsistent with some years showing lower density when seeded into high‐residue conditions. On average, there was a 3 d maturity advantage with CONS (103 d) vs. CONV (106 d) management. The CONS rotations showed significantly higher mean incidence (19%) of white mold [Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary] than CONV rotations (6%). Averaging across 12 yr, there was no significant rotation effect on yield (P = 0.19) showing that CONS production performed as good as CONV production. In the last 2 yr (2010–2011) of the study, in an attempt to reduce harvest losses, CONS dry bean was undercut rather than direct combined. This led to significantly higher (25%) yield with CONS (3311 kg ha−1) vs. CONV management (2651 kg ha−1). Our results provide incentive for more rapid adoption of conservation‐oriented soil and crop management practices for dry bean production on the Canadian prairies, including narrow rows, reduced tillage, cover crops, and feedlot manure compost addition.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conservation Management Practices and Rotations for Irrigated Dry Bean Production in Southern Alberta

Larney

Pearson

et al. 2015

Agronomy Journal

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“…For the resistant line, 7, 10 or 13 plants m −1 did not significantly affect WMI, WMSI and yield in each trial individually, regardless of the fungicide levels, suggesting that the currently recommended 11–13 plants m −1 may be used for type II beans with partial resistance to WM in conventional (using fungicide) as well as in organic production systems. Advantages of 11–13 plants m −1 relative to lower IRPD include a better suppression of weeds (Liebman et al ., ), which may increase WM severity when in high density (Pynenburg et al ., ), a lower percentage of plants with pods touching the soil (Horn et al ., ), and a lower risk of crop failure associated with a low percentage of seed germination or seedling death. For the susceptible line, 7 or 10 plants m −1 maximized yield in all trials, but under moderate WM pressure 7 plants m −1 may decrease WMSI more intensively than 10 plants m −1 , regardless of the fungicide levels.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several foliar fungicides are known to be effective against WM. However, fluazinam is the industry standard (Mahoney et al, 2014) and offers consistent white mould control (Vieira et al, 2010;Pynenburg et al, 2011;Mahoney et al, 2014). Timing application is also an important aspect of WM control with fungicide.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integration of partial resistance, plant density and use of fungicide for management of white mould in common bean

et al. 2019

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In‐row plant densities have not been studied for common beans with type II growth habit and contrasting reactions to white mould. Advanced breeding lines with partial resistance or susceptibility to white mould were combined with 4, 7, 10 or 13 plants m−1 and with or without fungicide at a constant between‐row spacing of 0.5 m in five sprinkler‐irrigated field trials conducted during the autumn–winter season in Brazil. White mould pressures in the trials covered the whole range from zero to moderate/high (46–60% of white mould severity index). In all trials, means of white mould incidence, severity and yield did not vary significantly between 7 and 13 plants m−1 for the partially resistant line, regardless of the fungicide levels. For the susceptible line, 13 plants m−1 increased white mould incidence and severity under moderate disease, regardless of the fungicide levels, and decreased yield compared with 10 plants m−1 when fungicide was applied twice under moderate/high disease pressure. For the susceptible line, 7 or 10 plants m−1 maximized yield in all trials, with or without fungicide applications. The results suggest that the current recommendation of 11–13 plants m−1 could be used for type II beans with partial resistance to white mould in either a conventional or organic system. For susceptible genotypes, 7–10 plants m−1 seems to be the most appropriate in‐row plant density. This study may improve the recommendation of in‐row plant density for type II beans cultivated under white mould pressure.

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“…Weeds depending on the degree of competition with crops reduced the crop yield by 10 % to 50 % (Karimi, 1998). Research also indicated that weed interference in dry beans can result in yield losses of up to 85% (Pynenburg et al, 2011). Several methods of weed control are practiced in beans; weed fire control and mechanical cultivation are common.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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2014

GJAS

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Common bean production (Phaseolus vulgaris) is severely infested by weeds inEthiopia. Field experiments were conducted in 2012 and 2013 at Ambo University, Ethiopia, to determine the effect of pre-emergence herbicide s-metalachlor on weed dynamics and yield of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) in completely randomized block design with three replications. The field experiments were comprised of 5 treatments including s-metolachlor (dual gold) 1.00, 1.50 and 2.00 kg ha -1 , weed free and weedy check were used. The common bean in both years were infested with Amarathus hybridus L., Datura stramorium, Erucastrum arabicum Fisch and May, Galinsoga parviflora cav., Ipomea ariocarpa, Nicandra spps, Oxalis corniculate L., Oxalis latifolia L. and Polygonum nepalense Meisn. Among the treatments, hand weeding standard check and s-metolachlor at 2.00 kg ha -1 significantly reduced density and dry weight of weeds during 2012 and 2013 years. Moreover, hand weeding and s-metolachlor at 2.00 kg ha -1 significantly increased the plant height, number of pods per plant, and seeds per pod as compared to other treatments. The highest grain yield was recorded on hand weeding plot followed by s-metolachlor at the rate of 2.00 kgha -1 . However, no significant difference was observed between them, whereas, the lowest grain yield was recorded on untreated plot (weedy check). Weed infestation resulted in a caused-a-yield reduction of 72.5% and 63.5% in 2012 and 2013, respectively. Preemergence application of s -metolachlor at the rate of 2 kg ha -1 was found to be more effective in controlling weeds and increased the c yield in common bean.

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The interaction of annual weed and white mold management systems for dry bean production in Canada

Cited by 18 publications

References 42 publications

Conservation Management Practices and Rotations for Irrigated Dry Bean Production in Southern Alberta

Conservation Management Practices and Rotations for Irrigated Dry Bean Production in Southern Alberta

Integration of partial resistance, plant density and use of fungicide for management of white mould in common bean

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