The Interaction Effects of Potassium and Drought in Field-Grown Barley. I. Yield, Water-Use Efficiency and Growth

Andersen, M. N.; Jensen, Christian R.; Lösch, R.

doi:10.1080/09064719209410197

Cited by 57 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Bulk K ion levels in well potassium fertilized barley leaves were substantially increased and they surmounted those in low fertilized ones by 35% (Andersen et al, 1992b). Transpiration rate, however, was reduced by high K supply (Andersen et al, 1992a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…In the present investigation additional potassium supply significantly increased the rate of growth of the vegetative parts of the crop and by this way increased the total dry matter yield; however, the final grain yield was not increased by high K application (Anderson et al, 1992a). Nevertheless, potassium fertilization may bring economic gain because an essential part of the barley grown in this area is harvested during the growth stages from anthesis to milk ripe for use as cattle fodder (Andersen et al, 1992a). The increased production of vegetative part under supplemental potassium application was associated with a higher leaf area index (LAI) and an increased tissue water content.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diurnal courses and factorial dependencies of leaf conductance and transpiration of differently potassium fertilized and watered field grown barley plants

Lösch

Jensen²,

Andersen³

1992

Plant Soil

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During the grain filling period we followed diurnal courses in leaf water potential (~), leaf osmotic potential (~0), transpiration (E), leaf conductance to water vapour transfer (g) and microclimatic parameters in field-grown spring barley (Hordeum distichum L. cv. Gunnar). The barley crop was grown on a coarse textured sandy soil at low (50 kg ha -~) or high (200 kg ha -1) levels of potassium applied as KCI. The investigation was undertaken at full irrigation or under drought. Drought was imposed at the beginning of the grain filling period.Leaf conductance and rate of transpiration were higher in the flag leaf than in the leaves of lower insertion. The rate of transpiration of the awns on a dry weight basis was of similar magnitude to that of the flag leaves. On clear days the rate of transpiration of fully watered barley plants was at a high level during most part of the day. The transpiration only decreased at low light intensities. The rate of transpiration was high despite leaf water potentials falling to rather low values due to high evaporative demands. In water stressed plants transpiration decreased and midday depression of transpiration occurred. Normally, daily accumulated transpirational water loss was lower in high K leaves than in low K leaves and generally the bulk water relations of the leaves were more favourable in high K plants than in low K plants.The factorial dependency of the flag leaf conductances on leaf water potential, light intensity, leaf temperature, and leaf-to-air water vapour concentration difference (AW) was analysed from a set of field data. From these data, similar sets of microclimatic conditions were classified, and dependencies of leaf conductance on the various environmental parameters were ascertained. The resulting mathematical functions were combined in an empirical simulation model. The results of the model were tested against other sets of measured data. Deviations between measured and predicted leaf conductance occurred at low light intensities. In the flag leaf, water potentials below -1.6 MPa reduced the stomatal apertures and determined the upper limit of leaf conductance. In leaves of lower insertion level conductances were reduced already at higher leaf water potentials. Leaf conductance was increased hyperbolically as photosynthetic active radiation (PAR) increased from darkness to full light. Leaf conductance as a function of leaf temperature followed an optimum curve which in the model was replaced by two linear regression lines intersecting at the optimum temperature of 23.4°C. Increasing 206 L6sch et al. leaf-to-air water vapour concentration difference caused a linear decrease in leaf conductance. Leaf conductances became slightly more reduced by lowered water potentials in the low K plants. Stomatal closure in response to a temperature change away from the optimum was more sensitive in high K plants, and also the decrease in leaf conductance under the influence of lowered ambient humidity proceeded with a higher sensitivity in high K plants. Thus, und...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diurnal courses and factorial dependencies of leaf conductance and transpiration of differently potassium fertilized and watered field grown barley plants

Lösch

Jensen²,

Andersen³

1992

Plant Soil

Self Cite

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“…Potassium increases the plant's drought resistance through its functions in stomatal regulation, osmoregulation, energy status, charge balance, protein synthesis and homeostasis (Marschner, 1995). It also maintains turgor pressure and reduces transpiration under drought conditions (Andersen et al, 1992). In plants coping with drought stress, the accumulation of K + may be more important than the production of organic solutes during the initial adjustment phase, because osmotic adjustment through ion uptake like K + is more energy efficient (Hsiao, 1973).…”

Section: Nutrient Contents In Seedsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of sulfur and iron fertilizers on yield, yield components and nutrient uptake in sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) under water stress

Heidari¹,

Galavi²,

Hassani³

2011

Afr. J. Biotechnol.

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To evaluate the effects of sulfur and iron fertilizers on yield, yield components and nutrient uptake in sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) under water stress, a field experiment was conducted as split factorial design with three replication at Dezful, Khuzestan, Iran. Two irrigation regimes were used (well-watered and water-limited) as the main plots and subplot consisted of three levels of sulfur (B 1 = 0, B 2 = 100 and B 3 = 200 kg.ha

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“…It was improved by addition of fertilizer N, P and K, or rotation of barley with Vicia sativa (Andersen et al 1992a;Harris 1994) and shown to decrease in Fedeficient plants (Sharma et al 1994). Spraying of acetylsalicylic acid in aqueous solution on drought-stressed barley plants increased yield and WUE (Bergmann et al 1994).…”

Section: Water Use Efficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

Barley: Physiology of Yield

Smith¹,

Dijak²,

Bulman³

et al. 1999

Crop Yield

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Physiology describes the operation of a plant at the biochemical, cell, tissue, organ and whole plant levels, recognizing that all of these are under the control of the plant genome. In the case of crop plants we are interested in how the combined operation of all plant's functions leads to the production of the harvestable component which, in cereal crops, is generally grain. Broadly speaking, the most important of the physiological activities in a crop plant with regard to yield are dry matter production, nutrient uptake, plant component partitioning and the processes of development (especially grain filling and the other aspects of yield component development). The developmental processes occur sequentially in time and involve progressive shifts in physiology. As barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is a feed grain and a major source of malting grain for beer and spirits, aspects of physiology that affect the amount of grain produced and its quality (the amount of energy and protein) are of special interest.

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The Interaction Effects of Potassium and Drought in Field-Grown Barley. I. Yield, Water-Use Efficiency and Growth

Cited by 57 publications

References 22 publications

Diurnal courses and factorial dependencies of leaf conductance and transpiration of differently potassium fertilized and watered field grown barley plants

Diurnal courses and factorial dependencies of leaf conductance and transpiration of differently potassium fertilized and watered field grown barley plants

Effect of sulfur and iron fertilizers on yield, yield components and nutrient uptake in sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) under water stress

Barley: Physiology of Yield

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