The interaction effect between physical and cultural leisure activities on the subsequent decline of instrumental ADL: the Fujiwara-kyo study

Abstract

BackgroundMaintenance of instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) and social role (SR) is crucial to keep independent life because the decline in SR and IADL was a significant predictor of dependence in basic ADL in later. The independent effect of physical and cultural leisure activities and their effect modification on the IADL remains unknown.MethodsWe prospectively observed 3241 elderly with intact IADL at baseline for 5 years. Higher level functional capacity such as IADL and SR was assessed using the Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Index of competence (TMIG index).ResultsThe mean age of the participants was 72.3 years (standard deviation 5.1), and 46.9% were male, and 90.9% of them received a follow-up assessment. Of the participants, 10.4% developed an IADL decline. Engagement in leisure physical activity was associated with a significantly lower risk of IADL decline (adjusted risk ratio, 0.73; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.60 to 0.89), and cultural leisure activity was also associated with lower risk of IADL decline (adjusted risk ratio, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.63 to 0.95) independent of potential confounders. We also found significant and positive interaction between physical and cultural leisure activities at risk for IADL decline (P = 0.024) and SR decline (P = 0.004).ConclusionsWe found an independent association of physical and cultural leisure activities with a lower risk for functional decline in IADL and SR with positive interaction. Combined engagement in physical and cultural activities may effectively prevent from IADL decline and SR decline.

Leisure activities and instrumental activities of daily living: A 3‐year cohort study from the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study

“…These findings are consistent with previous research demonstrating that leisure activities are associated with higher IADL scores, [12][13][14] indicating that social activities have a protective effect on IADL 15 and that social engagement has a similar protective impact. [19][20][21][22][23] Some previous studies suggested that specific types of physical activity, such as Tai Chi 16 and hobbies, 17 specifically had these effects.…”

“…There are good reasons to expect that participating in leisure activities may be protective of performing IADL. [12][13][14] Studies have found that engagement in hobbies may promote maintenance of IADL. 15 Specific activities such as Tai Chi 16 and hobbies 17 have also been effective in improving IADL.…”

Association of Instrumental Activities of Daily Living, Physical Function, and Mental Health among Older Returnees after the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station Accident

“…For men, offering meaningful roles within organizations may be important for mental health [ 43 ]. Additionally, Komatsu et al [ 44 ] reported that combined engagement in physical and cultural activities was associated with a lower risk of a subsequent decline in IADL.…”

The number of leisure-time activities and risk of functional disability among Japanese older population: the JAGES cohort

“…Previous studies reported the benefit of the number of leisure-time activities on the risk of all-cause mortality ( Kobayashi et al, 2021 ), dementia ( Xu et al, 2017 , Ling et al, 2020 ), and cognitive impairments among individuals aged ≥ 65 years ( Doi et al, 2017 , Sugita et al, 2020 ). Other studies reported that the number and frequency of social participations in leisure-time activities were associated with a lower risk of functional disability ( Kanamori et al, 2014 , Komatsu et al, 2019 ). However, the association between the number of different types of leisure-time activities such as walking/running, and gardening, traveling and the risk of functional disability has not been investigated.…”