The interaction between zinc deficiency and copper toxicity as it affects the silicic acid uptake mechanisms in Thalassiosira pseudonana1

Rueter, John G.; Morel, François M. M.

doi:10.4319/lo.1981.26.1.0067

Cited by 121 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Arguments that support an active role of Zn frustule formation include long-term incubation studies showing that silicic acid (Si(OH) 4 ) uptake by T. pseudonana was reduced for Zn deficient cultures and by Cu toxicity (Rueter and Morel, 1981). These same authors observed that Zn-limited T. weissflogii morphologically resembled Cu-inhibited or Si-starved T. pseudonana.…”

Section: Nature Of Zn Incorporationmentioning

confidence: 63%

Incorporation of zinc into the frustule of the freshwater diatom Stephanodiscus hantzschii

2009

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Zinc incorporation into the frustule (siliceous cell wall) of the freshwater diatom Stephanodiscus hantzschii was studied for Zn 2+ concentrations ranging from 25 pmol L − 1 to 25 nmol L − 1. A sigmoidal dependency was observed between Zn 2+ concentrations in the culture medium and the concentration of Zn in the frustule.Concentrations of intracellular Zn were positively correlated with Zn in the frustule, suggesting that Zn in the frustule originated from intracellular pools. The processes leading to Zn incorporation into the cell wall were examined by determining the role(s) of Si and Mn via competition experiments. Results demonstrated that Zn competed with Mn for incorporation into the frustule. Zn/Si values for S. hantzschii were consistent with field data obtained from Lake Geneva (Switzerland). The study suggests that the Zn content of fossil frustules could be a valuable tool to study past levels of bioavailable Zn in freshwaters.

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Section: Nature Of Zn Incorporationmentioning

confidence: 63%

Incorporation of zinc into the frustule of the freshwater diatom Stephanodiscus hantzschii

2009

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“…Finally, silicic acid transport is sodium-coupled in the marine pennate species Nitzschia alba (Bhattacharyya and Volcani 1980), whereas transport appeared sodium and possibly potassium coupled in the freshwater pennate species Navicula pelliculosa (Sullivan 1976). Some experimental evidence and comparative sequence data suggest a possible role of zinc in silicic acid transport (Rueter and Morel 1981;Grachev et al 2005). If silicic acid transport is strictly sodium coupled, the marine environment might simply be more favorable to uptake.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strong purifying selection in the silicon transporters of marine and freshwater diatoms

Alverson

2007

Limnology & Oceanography

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Marine and freshwater diatoms show several important differences in silicon physiology. In addition to containing an order of magnitude more silica in their cell walls, freshwater diatoms also appear to have a less efficient silicic acid uptake mechanism. A novel set of silicon transporters (SITs), encoded by a small gene family, import silicic acid from the environment into the diatom cell. Some evidence suggests that the disparity in uptake efficiency between marine and freshwater diatoms might be attributable to different demands on SITs in the two environments. To test this hypothesis, partial SIT genes were cloned and sequenced from 45 species of Thalassiosirales, a diatom lineage with high diversity in marine and freshwaters. Phylogenetically based codon substitution models were used to test whether SITs from marine and freshwater taxa were under similar selective constraints and whether codons in different structural locations of the protein were under similar functional constraints. Purifying selection is the predominant evolutionary force acting on SITs, irrespective of location in the protein, and differences in efficiency of silicic acid uptake between marine and freshwater diatoms are not due to sequence differences in SITs.

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“…Second, it is becoming increasingly clear that competitive interactions among different trace metals are often important. For example, increases in cupric ion activity result in phytoplankton being less efficient at utilizing Mn and Zn and thus more easily limited by these metals (Sunda et al 1981;Rueter and Morel 1981;Brand et al unpubl. data).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Limitation of marine phytoplankton reproductive rates by zinc, manganese, and iron1

Brand

Sunda

Guillard

1983

Limnology & Oceanography

440

304

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The reproductive rates of 21 species of marine phytoplankton were measured in media in which free zinc, manganese, and iron ion activities were controlled at different levels using EDTA-trace metal ion buffer systems. In general, the reproductive rates of neritic species were limited by zinc activities below 1O-11.5 M, while those of oceanic species were either not limited or only slightly limited at the lowest zinc activity attained in the experiment, ca. lo-l3 M. The reproductive rates of oceanic coccolithophores were either not limited or only slightly limited by the lowest manganese ion activity attained, ca. 10-l' M, but those of a neritic coccolithophore and all diatoms, both neritic and oceanic, were limited below a manganese activity of 10-l" M. Neritic species had reduced reproductive rates in media containing clod7 M iron while oceanic species reproduced at maximal or close to maximal rates in the media with the lowest iron concentrations, ca. IO+' M. The habitat-related patterns in zinc, manganese, and iron requirements of oceanic and neritic species are consistent with the oceanic-neritic distributions of concentrations of these metals. This similarity in requirement and distributional patterns provides evidence that Zn, Mn, and Fe availability have been important selective forces on marine phytoplankton populations and communities. -The nutrients most frequently considered to limit the reproductive rates of phytoplankton in the ocean are the macronutrients nitrogen, phosphorus, and silicon. The possibility that trace metal micronutrients can be of significance in the ecology of phytoplankton has been considered occasionally (Harvey 1947 have for several reasons. Extensive contamination of water samples analyzed by trace metal chemists (Boyle and Edmond 1975; Bruland et al. 1978 Bruland et al. , 1979 and used for bioassays has, in the past, eliminated much of the evidence for trace metal limitation. It is only within the last few years that reasonably uncontaminated samples have been available for accurate measurement of trace metal levels in the ocean (Boyle et al. 1977; Bruland et al. 1978; Klinkhammer and Bender 1980;Bruland 1980). Also, only recently has methodology been developed to quantify relationships between phytoplankton reproductive rate and low free ion activities of trace metals. This methodology, proposed by Hutner et al. (1950), involves the use of trace metal ion activity buffers (combinations of synthetic chelators and trace metal salts), which permit quantification and control of extremely low activities of trace metal ions. These buffers also have 1182

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The interaction between zinc deficiency and copper toxicity as it affects the silicic acid uptake mechanisms in Thalassiosira pseudonana1

Cited by 121 publications

References 6 publications

Incorporation of zinc into the frustule of the freshwater diatom Stephanodiscus hantzschii

Incorporation of zinc into the frustule of the freshwater diatom Stephanodiscus hantzschii

Strong purifying selection in the silicon transporters of marine and freshwater diatoms

Limitation of marine phytoplankton reproductive rates by zinc, manganese, and iron1

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