The interaction between waters from the Arctic Ocean and the Nordic Seas north of Fram Strait and along the East Greenland Current: results from the Arctic Ocean-02 Oden expedition

Rudels, Bert; Björk, Göran; Nilsson, Johan; Winsor, Peter; Lake, Iréne; Nøhr, Christian

doi:10.1016/j.jmarsys.2004.06.008

Cited by 272 publications

(346 citation statements)

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“…The changes of the T -S characteristics of the PSW between 81 • N and 72 • N are likely caused by some combination of sea-ice formation and mixing within the body of PSW, rather than by mixing with the warmer and more saline Atlantic water masses (cf. Rudels et al, 2005). The fact that the potential temperature of the PSW remains close to the freezing point supports this interpretation.…”

Section: Hydrographic Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 57%

“…This water mass of Arctic origin, which includes the Polar Mixed Layer and the halocline in the Arctic Ocean, is defined as having a potential temperature below zero degrees and a potential density lower than 27.7 kg m −3 (cf. Rudels et al, 1996Rudels et al, , 2005. It is relevant to note that in the hydrographic sections presently considered, all water that have a salinity less than 34.5 belong to the PSW water mass.…”

Section: Hydrographic Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…To some extent, this reflects the difficulty to monitor the freshwater transport in the EGC, where severe ice conditions makes it difficult to conduct direct measurements. Thus, a key aim of the present work is to investigate the freshwater transport in the EGC on the basis of hydrographic and LADCP data collected during the Swedish Arctic Ocean Expedition 2002 (AO-02); see Rudels et al (2005) for an overview of the physical oceanography of the AO-02. The measurements in the EGC were taken onboard the icebreaker Oden in May 2002.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Liquid freshwater transport and Polar Surface Water characteristics in the East Greenland Current during the AO-02 Oden expedition

Nilsson

Björk

Rudels³

et al. 2008

Progress in Oceanography

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Dynamical features of the East Greenland Current (EGC) are synthesized from a survey conducted by the Swedish icebreaker Oden during the International Arctic Ocean -02 expedition (AO-02) in May 2002 with emphasis on the liquid freshwater transport and Polar Surface Water. The data include hydrography and lowered Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (LADCP) velocities in eight transects along the EGC, from the Fram Strait in the north to the Denmark Strait in the south. The survey reveals a strong confinement of the low-salinity polar water in the EGC to the continental slope/shelf-a feature of relevance for the stability of the thermohaline circulation in the Arctic Mediterranean. The southward transport of liquid freshwater in the EGC was found to vary considerably between the sections, ranging between 0.01 and 0.1 Sverdrup. Computations based on geostrophic as well as LADCP velocities give a section-averaged southward freshwater transport of 0.06 Sverdrup in the EGC during May 2002. Furthermore, Oden data suggest that the liquid freshwater transport was as large north of the Fram Strait as it was south of the Denmark Strait.

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Section: Hydrographic Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 57%

Section: Hydrographic Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 96%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Liquid freshwater transport and Polar Surface Water characteristics in the East Greenland Current during the AO-02 Oden expedition

Nilsson

Björk

Rudels³

et al. 2008

Progress in Oceanography

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“…Schauer et al, 2004). The exchanges of the deeper waters likely involve a large recirculation but at least some Arctic Intermediate Water and some Nordic Seas deep water pass north of the Yermak Plateau into the Sofia Deep and thus into the Nansen Basin (Rudels et al, 2000;Rudels et al, 2005). We estimate this inflow to be 0.5 Sv with a salinity of 34.91.…”

Section: A U T H O R ' S P E R S O N a L C O P Ymentioning

confidence: 89%

Current estimates of freshwater flux through Arctic and subarctic seas

Dickson

Rudels²,

Dye

et al. 2007

Progress in Oceanography

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“…The EGC transports liquid freshwater and ice from the Arctic to the Nordic Seas (e.g. Rudels et al, 2005;Latarius and Quadfasel, 2010), the Denmark Strait and the North Atlantic (Sutherland et al, 2009;Cox et al, 2010). Once in the North Atlantic, this freshwater and ice melt have the potential to influence deep convection and the thermohaline overturning (Manabe and Stouffer, 1999;Rennermalm et al, 2007;Talley, 2008) as well as the horizontal circulation in the subpolar gyre (Häkkinen, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liquid export of Arctic freshwater components through the Fram Strait 1998–2011

et al. 2013

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Abstract. We estimated the magnitude and composition of southward liquid freshwater transports in the East Greenland Current near 79 • N in the Western Fram Strait between 1998 and 2011. Previous studies have found this region to be an important pathway for liquid freshwater export from the Arctic Ocean to the Nordic Seas and the North Atlantic subpolar gyre.Our transport estimates are based on six hydrographic surveys between June and September and concurrent data from moored current meters. We combined concentrations of liquid freshwater, meteoric water (river water and precipitation), sea ice melt and brine from sea ice formation, and Pacific Water, presented in Dodd et al. (2012), with volume transport estimates from an inverse model. The average of the monthly snapshots of southward liquid freshwater transports between 10.6 • W and 4 • E is 100 ± 23 mSv (3160 ± 730 km 3 yr −1 ), relative to a salinity of 34.9. This liquid freshwater transport consists of about 130 % water from rivers and precipitation (meteoric water), 30 % freshwater from the Pacific, and −60 % (freshwater deficit) due to a mixture of sea ice melt and brine from sea ice formation.Pacific Water transports showed the highest variation in time, effectively vanishing in some of the surveys. Comparison of our results to the literature indicates that this was due to atmospherically driven variability in the advection of Pacific Water along different pathways through the Arctic Ocean. Variations in most liquid freshwater component transports appear to have been most strongly influenced by changes in the advection of these water masses to the Fram Strait. However, the local dynamics represented by the volume transports influenced the liquid freshwater component transports in individual years, in particular those of sea ice melt and brine from sea ice formation.Our results show a similar ratio of the transports of meteoric water and net sea ice melt as previous studies.

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The interaction between waters from the Arctic Ocean and the Nordic Seas north of Fram Strait and along the East Greenland Current: results from the Arctic Ocean-02 Oden expedition

Cited by 272 publications

References 50 publications

Liquid freshwater transport and Polar Surface Water characteristics in the East Greenland Current during the AO-02 Oden expedition

Liquid freshwater transport and Polar Surface Water characteristics in the East Greenland Current during the AO-02 Oden expedition

Current estimates of freshwater flux through Arctic and subarctic seas

Liquid export of Arctic freshwater components through the Fram Strait 1998–2011

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