The interaction between fusaria and their mycotoxins in grass silage

Damoglou, A.P.; Shannon, W. G.; Downey, Gerard A.

doi:10.1002/jsfa.2740350306

Cited by 15 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The fact that counts from the control silage were greater than 105/g ensiled grass indicates the effectiveness of the forage harvester as a means of inoculating the cut grass. Such counts are in agreement with results of Lindgren et al [10] who obtained initial counts of 10 6 lactic acid bacteria/g freshly cut grass and of Damoglou et al [11] who counted 3.39 × 105 lactobacilli/freshly harvested grass.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

The effect of three commercial silage additives on numbers of lactobacilli entering the silo at the onset of fermentation

Silley¹,

Damoglou

1985

FEMS Microbiology Letters

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There is considerable debate regarding the effectiveness of currently available silage inoculants in the ensilage process. The large‐scale farm experiment reported shows there to be no significant difference between 3 commercial inoculants and a control treatment with respect to numbers of lactobacilli at the onset of ensilage. Considerable variation in numbers of lactobacilli throughout both the silo and the bulk inoculant were also observed. Numbers of lactobacilli isolated from each of the inoculants were insufficient to produce a population density of 106 organisms per g of grass.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

The effect of three commercial silage additives on numbers of lactobacilli entering the silo at the onset of fermentation

Silley¹,

Damoglou

1985

FEMS Microbiology Letters

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“…The major distribution of deoxynivalenol below the cob attachment point (Fig. 3) Damoglou et al 1984).…”

Section: Results Huskmentioning

confidence: 99%

APPEARANCE OF FUNGUS, ERGOSTEROL AND Fusarium MYCOTOXINS IN THE HUSK, AXIAL STEM AND STALK AFTER EAR INOCULATION OF FIELD CORN

Young¹,

Miller²

1985

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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(Miller et al. 1983b). This paper reports on the subsequent appearance of the fungus, ergosterol and mycotoxins in the husk, axial stem and stalk. MATERIALS AND METHODS Inoculation and Sampling of CornFull details of the methods used are given by Miller et al. (1983b). In summary, ears of corn were inoculated by a toothpick method with Fusarium graminearum isolate M69 and plants were taken at random at weekly intervals from 2 to 9 wk thereafter. The ears were husked, the plant stalks were cut into 10-cm sections to 50 cm above and below the point of attachment of the ear, and ca. l-mm tansverse slices were removed from the stalk and ear attachment stem (axial stalk) for analysis for fungi. All husks, axial stem and stalk samples were stored frozen ( -l8"C) Moisture and Ash DeterminationsMoisture and ash were determined in duplicate by heating samples (2 g) in a vacuum oven overnight at 60oC and, after measurement of the weight loss, in a muffle furnace (600'C) for 2h. RESULTS HuskThe moisture content of the husk remained constant at ca. 7 6Vo for weeks 2-4 and then decreased to 47Vo by week 9, while the ash content increased considerably (from2.7 to 4.0Vo, on a dry weight basis). Ergosterol levels increased steadily until reaching a maximum (at 370 ppm) at week 6 and then declined by 25Vo over the next 3 wk (Fig. lA). Deoxynivalenol levels reached a maximum (370 ppm) after 6 wk and then plateaued, while 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol levels peaked (59 ppm) at week 3 and then quickly dropped to about l2-15 ppm until harvest (Fig. 1A). Zearalenote remained low (< 0.3 pm) and only began to make a significant appearance in the last few weeks, reaching a maximum (5.2 ppm) at harvest.

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“…Several studies have shown that some microorganisms are able to degrade or transform mycotoxins. Damoglou et al have reported that zearalenone was unstable in rye grass silage, and it was suggested that microbial activity during the silage process caused the breakdown of this mycotoxin. Recent works have shown that fermentative Lactobacilli are able to transform some mycotoxins , .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduction in Fusarium Toxin Levels in Corn Silage with Low Dry Matter and Storage Time

Boudra

Morgavi

2008

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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Under unfavorable climatic conditions, Fusarium spp. can contaminate corn plants in the field and produce toxins that are present at the time of ensiling. The stability of deoxynivalenol, fumonisins B1 and B2, and zearalenone in corn silage was tested over two consecutive years. Variables studied were corn dry matter (DM) and storage length and temperature. The concentration of all Fusarium toxins decreased upon ensiling ( P < 0.001). Increasing the length of storage and ensiling with low DM resulted in a higher rate of toxin disappearance, particularly for the water soluble toxins deoxynivalenol and fumonisin B1. Toxin disappearance ranged from 50% for zearalenone to 100% for deoxynivalenol. In contrast, temperature did not have any effect on stability ( P > 0.05). These results indicate that low DM at ensiling as well as a prolonged storage could be a practical way to reduce or eliminate some Fusarium toxins in contaminated silages.

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The interaction between fusaria and their mycotoxins in grass silage

Cited by 15 publications

References 3 publications

The effect of three commercial silage additives on numbers of lactobacilli entering the silo at the onset of fermentation

The effect of three commercial silage additives on numbers of lactobacilli entering the silo at the onset of fermentation

APPEARANCE OF FUNGUS, ERGOSTEROL AND Fusarium MYCOTOXINS IN THE HUSK, AXIAL STEM AND STALK AFTER EAR INOCULATION OF FIELD CORN

Reduction in Fusarium Toxin Levels in Corn Silage with Low Dry Matter and Storage Time

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