The interaction between bovine herpesvirus type 1 and activated bovine T lymphocytes

Abstract

The interaction between activated bovine T lymphocytes (BTLs) and bovine herpesvirus type 1 (BHV-1) was investigated. BHV-1 infection of BTLs reduced the amplitude of recombinant bovine interleukin 2-induced proliferative responses. This decreased proliferation was caused by a virus-induced lymphocytolysis which was dependent on viable virus and was not inhibited by recombinant bovine interferon-~xl. Furthermore, lymphocytolysis was not associated with virus replication or with the synthesis of detectable levels of viral proteins. Electron microscopic examination of virusinfected cells revealed that lymphocytolysis was characterized by early nuclear disintegration resembling apoptosis. These observations suggest that activated T cells, localized at the site of BHV-1 infection, may be susceptible to virus-induced cytolysis.

A Mutation in the Latency-Related Gene of Bovine Herpesvirus 1 Inhibits Protein Expression from Open Reading Frame 2 and an Adjacent Reading Frame during Productive Infection

“…Infection can lead to conjunctivitis, pneumonia, genital disorders, abortions, and an upper respiratory infection referred to as "shipping fever" (35), which cost the U.S. cattle industry at least $500 million/year (1). Binding and entry of Pasteurella haemolytica and Pasteurella multocida into bovine cells is enhanced if the cells are infected with BHV-1 (9), supporting other studies concluding that BHV-1 infection can promote secondary bacterial infections (3,(10)(11)(12). CD8…”

Localization of Sequences in a Protein (ORF2) Encoded by the Latency-Related Gene of Bovine Herpesvirus 1 That Inhibits Apoptosis and Interferes with Notch1-Mediated trans -Activation of the bICP0 Promoter

“…Infection can result in life-threatening pneumonia due to secondary bacterial infections (reviewed in references 40, 45, and 46). Increased susceptibility to secondary infection correlates with depressed cell-mediated immunity after BHV-1 infection (6,(16)(17)(18). CD8 ϩ T cell recognition of infected cells is impaired by repressing the expression of major histocompatibility complex class I and the transporter associated with antigen presentation (20,24,57).…”

A Mutation in the Latency-Related Gene of Bovine Herpesvirus 1 Disrupts the Latency Reactivation Cycle in Calves

“…BHV-1 is not the sole infectious agent associated with shipping fever, but it initiates the disorder by immunosuppressing infected cattle, which results in secondary bacterial infections and pneumonia. Increased susceptibility to secondary infection correlates with depressed cell-mediated immunity after BHV-1 infection (4,(10)(11)(12). CD8…”