The integration of the stakeholders in the process of applying Natural-Based Solutions in wastewater treatment projects in Egypt’s small-scale communities

Abstract

Until now, many small communities in Egypt in peripheral governorates and villages suffer from sanitation problems affecting health, safety, and quality of life. In addition to the emerging communities in new cities such as the Administrative Capital, New Alamein, New Mansoura, and others. All represent a high economic load on the country. This is coincident with the calls for sustainability and a green economy that attract large segments of the country's interests nowadays. Wastewater treatment methods and ideas varied between large stations to small home units. This study focuses on sustainable sanitation methods called Natural Based Solutions. Such projects may be excluded due to the absence of the role of stakeholders and the cooperative relations between them. For this reason, the topic is discussed in terms of stakeholder analysis. The main aim was to determine the roles of stakeholders in these projects, define their roles, their power, and their extent of interest. That came after defining (26) factors for providing an enabling environment for implementation, arranging their priorities using Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS) software, and analyzing stakeholder participation in each. That helps to facilitate Natural Based Solutions sanitation projects in small-scale communities and encourage governments to look forward.