The Integration of 3D Printing and Case-Based Learning in Clinical Practice for Joint Surgery Education

Abstract

Background: Case-Based Learning (CBL) based on three dimensiona (3D) printed hip joint models is a problem-solving teaching method that combines the tactile and visual advantages of 3D printed models with CBL. This paper aimed to study the impact of using a 3D printed hip model with CBL for teaching complex artificial hip replacement. Methods: We conducted a prospective study from 2022 to 2023. This study included 120 clinical medical students enrolled in the fourth grade at Xuzhou Medical University. The students were randomly allocated into two groups, each comprising 60 participants. The traditional group received conventional instruction, while the 3D+CBL group utilized 3D-printed hip joint models in conjunction with CBL-based teaching. After the teaching, we analyzed and compared the theoretical and practical accomplishments of both student groups. We designed a questionnaire to assess the educational impact on orthopedic surgery learning. Results: Compared with the CBL group, the theoretical scores (66.35±8.85) and practical scores (63.42±11.14) of the 3D+CBL group were higher than those of the CBL group (62.88±7.98) and practical scores (57.40±8.80) (P<0.05). The results of the questionnaire showed that the trainees in the 3D+CBL group had mastery of hip joint fundamentals, ability to diagnose cases and plan treatment, interesting teaching content, willingness to communicate with teachers and satisfaction with regular training was all higher than those in the CBL group (P<0.05). Conclusions: The Integration of 3D Printing and Case-Based Learning has yielded positive outcomes in joint surgery education. This approach also offers valuable insights for the utilization of 3D printed orthopedic molds in clinical teaching.