The integrated photocatalytic removal of SO2 and NO using Cu doped titanium dioxide supported by multi-walled carbon nanotubes

Modeling and Optimization of BT and DBT Photooxidation over Multiwall Carbon Nanotube-Titania Composite by Response Surface Methodology

“…Anatase diffraction peaks was found at 25.1, 38.5, 47.8, and 70.2°c orresponding to the reflections from 101, 112, 200, and 116 crystal planes [5,7,[14][15][16][17]25]. The peaks at 27.6, 40, 41, 44, and 85.8°are the diffractions of rutile 110, 200, 111, 210, and 400 [14,25]. Nanotube (002) peak appears at 25.8° [ 18,19] which is usually combined with anatase phase and cannot be specified separately.…”

“…Considering Figure 4 and Scherrer equation, the particles' size is 36 nm. It is proved that adding nanotubes to the compound reduces the size of crystals when compared to raw titania and p-25 [14,17]. Figure 6 shows light absorption of the optimized sample.…”

“…However, compared with p-25, the sample absorbs light of the visible region, as well [7,[14][15][16][17]19]. When combined with titania, nanotube creates an energy level under titania conducting band.…”

“…Therefore, electron can also be stimulated when irradiated with visible light and moves between nanotubes and titania. It should be noted that extending the absorption edge of TiO 2 to the visible region is considered as one of the main objectives to have active photocatalyst in the visible light region [7,10,14,15,17].…”

“…Some methods increase photocatalytic power by improving structural properties, such as increasing the surface area and porosity, while some others increase the potential to remove contaminants by chemical modification and addition of another component to semiconductor structure [5,7,[9][10][11]. One way to increase efficiency is to perform a photocatalytic process using carbon nanotubes and combine it with semiconductor [5,9,[14][15][16][17][18][19].…”