The intake of high fat diet with different trans fatty acid levels differentially induces oxidative stress and non alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in rats

Abstract

BackgroundTrans-fatty acids (TFA) are known as a risk factor for coronary artery diseases, insulin resistance and obesity accompanied by systemic inflammation, the features of metabolic syndrome. Little is known about the effects on the liver induced by lipids and also few studies are focused on the effect of foods rich in TFAs on hepatic functions and oxidative stress. This study investigates whether high-fat diets with different TFA levels induce oxidative stress and liver dysfunction in rats.MethodsMale Wistar rats were divided randomly into four groups (n = 12/group): C receiving standard-chow; Experimental groups that were fed high-fat diet included 20% fresh soybean oil diet (FSO), 20% oxidized soybean oil diet (OSO) and 20% margarine diet (MG). Each group was kept on the treatment for 4 weeks.ResultsA liver damage was observed in rats fed with high-fat diet via increase of liver lipid peroxidation and decreased hepatic antioxidant enzyme activities (superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase). The intake of oxidized oil led to higher levels of lipid peroxidation and a lower concentration of plasma antioxidants in comparison to rats fed with FSO. The higher inflammatory response in the liver was induced by MG diet. Liver histopathology from OSO and MG groups showed respectively moderate to severe cytoplasm vacuolation, hypatocyte hypertrophy, hepatocyte ballooning, and necroinflammation.ConclusionIt seems that a strong relationship exists between the consumption of TFA in the oxidized oils and lipid peroxidation and non alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The extent of the peroxidative events in liver was also different depending on the fat source suggesting that feeding margarine with higher TFA levels may represent a direct source of oxidative stress for the organism. The present study provides evidence for a direct effect of TFA on NAFLD.

Diet containing partially hydrogenated vegetable fat enhances the carrageenan induced paw inflammation but not oxidative stress markers in liver of rats

“…Ojieh et al (2009) observed that the rats fed hydrogenated palm oil showed significantly reduced levels of GST, glutathione reductase, GPx activities compared to rats fed unhydrogenated palm oil. Dhibi et al (2011) studied the effect of unmodified and hydrogenated soyabean oil on endogenous antioxidant enzyme activities in rat liver. They observed lower activities for SOD, catalase, GPx in liver homogenate of rats given hydrogenated fat.…”

Proliferative and oxidative response of hepatocytes (Hep) and hepatic stellate cells (HSC) isolated from rats exposed to ketogenic diet

“…In humans with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease circulating FFA are commonly elevated and their plasma levels correlate with disease severity. Also in rats the intake of high-fat diet is related to lipid peroxidation and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (Dhibi et al 2011). The prominent new mechanisms of liver dysfunctions, especially liver fibrosis, have been pointed out recently, with impact on activation of HSC (Lee and Friedman 2011).…”

Pengamatan Aktivitas Tikus Wistar Jantan Dengan Alat Opto- Varimex® Pada Kondisi Diet Tinggi Minyak Trans

“…Penelitian yang dilakukan oleh Dhibi et al (2011) menyatakan bahwa setelah empat minggu pemberian pakan tinggi lemak trans sebesar 20% dari total energi pakan, menghasilkan pertambahan bobot badan sebesar 25.83 g lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan tikus yang diberi pakan standar. Peningkatan massa jaringan adiposa akibat diet tinggi minyak trans akan mengakibatkan peningkatan kadar leptin dalam darah.…”