The Insulo-Acinar Portal and Insulo-Venous Drainage Systems in the Pancreas of the Mouse, Dog, Monkey and Certain other Animals: A Scanning Electron Microscopic Study of Corrosion Casts.

Murakami, Takuro; Fujita, Tsuneo; Miyake, Tsuyoshi; Ohtsuka, Aiji; Taguchi, Takehito; Kikuta, Akio

doi:10.1679/aohc.56.127

Cited by 41 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(3 reference statements)

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“…The present scanning observation of completely replicated specimens, together with our previous finding , supports early light microscopic findings obtained from sectioned tissue samples (WHARTON, 1932;FERNER, 1959) and confirms that in the human pancreas, as in the organ of the monkey, cattle, pig, dog, cat and rabbit (MURAKAMI et al, 1993a), almost all endocrine islets are intralobular in position and issue insulo-acinar portal vessels draining into the lobular (exocrine) capillaries.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Microcirculatory Patterns in Human Pancreas: Supplementary Observations of Vascular Casts by Scanning Electron Microscopy.

Murakami

Fujita

Tanaka

et al. 1994

Archives of Histology and Cytology

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Microcirculatory Patterns in Human Pancreas: Supplementary Observations of Vascular Casts by Scanning Electron Microscopy.

Murakami

Fujita

Tanaka

et al. 1994

Archives of Histology and Cytology

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“…First, high specificity of the probe to ␤-cells was shown in this and previous studies (15)(16)(17). Second, islet vasculature consists of numerous capillaries that are fenestrated and, hence, highly permeable (23,30,31). These capillaries, resembling a glomerulus, course through the islet in a tortuous manner that is ideal for cell-blood and blood-cell interactions.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

Noninvasive In Vivo Measurement of β-Cell Mass in Mouse Model of Diabetes

2001

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Pancreatic ␤-cell mass (BCM) is a major determinant of the quantity of insulin that can be secreted. BCM is markedly reduced in type 1 diabetes because of selective autoimmune destruction of ␤-cells. Accurate assessment of BCM in human diabetes is limited to autopsy studies, which usually suffer from inadequate clinical information; thus, the development of noninvasive means of BCM measurement could be important in intervention therapy. The goal of this study was to develop such noninvasive methods for measuring BCM featuring target-specific imaging probes and to investigate whether this technique is feasible, accurate, and predictive of BCM in normal and diabetic states. Using a ␤-cell-specific monoclonal antibody IC2, modified with a radioisotope chelator for nuclear imaging, we showed that highly specific binding and accumulation to ␤-cells occurs after intravenous administration of the probe, with virtually no binding to exocrine pancreas or stromal tissues. Furthermore, we observed a direct correlation between accumulation of the probe with BCM in diabetic and normal animals. Nuclear imaging of the animals that received an injection of the radioactive probe showed major difference in signal intensity between normal and diabetic pancreases. The results from this study set the route for further development of imaging probes for measuring BCM that would aid in diagnosis and treatment of diabetic patients in the clinic. Diabetes 50:2231-2236, 2001 P ancreatic ␤-cell mass (BCM) is markedly reduced in type 1 diabetes as a result of selective autoimmune destruction of ␤-cells (1). Accurate assessment of BCM in human diabetes is limited to autopsy studies, which usually suffer from inadequate clinical information (1). Although repeated blood sampling for determination of glucose, glucagon, tolbutamide, or insulin in response to various secretagogues is presumed to reflect quantitative or qualitative differences in pancreatic BCM or function, the severity of the ␤-cell loss responsible for abnormalities observed by these in vivo measurements is unknown (2). This loss has to be assessed during the evaluation of therapeutic efficacy of intervention. In addition, such assessment may be extended to evaluate the engrafted islet mass in the liver after islet transplantation. For this reason, noninvasive measurement of BCM could allow longitudinal mapping of the evolution of the disease both in animal models and, more important, in humans.With the continuing development of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and nuclear imaging techniques during the past decade, it became possible to achieve high spatial and functional resolutions (3). During the past decades, we developed a number of imaging ligands for target-specific imaging, including receptor imaging (4 -8), antigens (9 -11), and lately for imaging of a receptor gene expression (12,13). In parallel, high-resolution imaging systems and techniques that will allow in vivo imaging of mice and rats have been developed recently (13,14).The present study was aimed at developing...

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“…This increases diffusional oxygen delivery from the blood to the islet cells and the transport capacity for hormones discharged into islet blood vessels. Murakami et al (1993) hypothesized that microvascular routes inside the islet enable non-β-endocrine-cells to influence the insulin release of β-cells. In different papers it Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some studies proposed the opposite to Murakami et al, (1993) namely that the β-cells first produce insulin and then the cells in the periphery of the islet modify the response. Comparative studies showed that there is no standard islet formation model and that at present no defined relationship between architecture and microcirculatory pattern of the islet can be demonstrated (Kim et al, 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In detail, we (i) verify and refine the results of Millard relating to the gross arterial supply and venous drainage of the adult pancreas (Millard, 1940(Millard, , 1945(Millard, , 1949 by scanning electron microscopy of vascular corrosion casts (Aharinejad and Lametschwandtner, 1992;Lametschwandtner et al, 1990;Motta et al, 1992;Murakami, 1971), (ii) demonstrate microvascular changes of the pancreas when the herbivorous tadpoles metamorphize to become carnivorous juveniles, (iii) look into mode(s) of angiogenesis, i.e. sprouting and/or non-sprouting angiogenesis (=intussusceptive microvascular growth; IMG; Djonov et al, 2003) which are active in larval and adult pancreas, (iv) test how the dramatic shrinkage of the pancreas during metamorphic climax is associated with vascular regression reported to occur (Mukhi et al, 2008), and (v) finally compare the vascularization of the islets of Langerhans in Xenopus laevis with those of other vertebrate species described so far in order to demonstrate differences and similarities between vertebrate species (Ali et al, 1991;Murakami et al, 1992a, b;1993, 1997a, 1997bSyed Ali, 1987).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microvascularization of the Pancreas in Larval and Adult Xenopus laevis – Histomorphology and Scanning Electron Microscopy of Vascular Corrosion Casts

Höpner¹,

Lametschwandtner²

2016

Archives of Histology and Cytology

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Summary. The microvascularization of the pancreas of larval and adult South African Clawed Toads Xenopus laevis, was studied by scanning electron microscopy of vascular corrosion casts and light microscopy of paraplast embedded Goldner-stained serial tissue sections. We showed that branches of left and right gastric artery, hepatic artery and anterior intestinal artery, namely anterior pancreatic, anterior middle pancreatic, posterior middle pancreatic and caudal pancreatic arteries supply and pancreatic veins drain the adult pancreas into hepatic portal vein, anterior and middle gastric vein, gastroduodenal vein, and anterior duodenal vein. In premetamorphosis the pancreas showed a dense but immature vascular bed with signs of ongoing sprouting and non-sprouting angiogenesis (=intussusceptive microvascular growth; IMG). During metamorphic climax the pancreas shrinked dramatically paralleled by vascular regression.The larval pancreas had an underdeveloped ductal system which in the course of pancreas remodeling during metamorphic climax developed into a complex ductal system. In adult Xenopus laevis the pancreas showed intralobular islets of Langerhans only and an insuloacinar portal vessel system as described sofar in reptiles, birds and mammals. Islets in Xenopus located superficially and within deeper regions and emitted both insulo-acinar portal vessels and insulo-venous efferent vessels. Intrainsular microvascular patterns found suggest that in Xenopus islets blood flows first to β-cells and subsequently to the other endocrine cells present in the endocrine pancreas.

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The Insulo-Acinar Portal and Insulo-Venous Drainage Systems in the Pancreas of the Mouse, Dog, Monkey and Certain other Animals: A Scanning Electron Microscopic Study of Corrosion Casts.

Cited by 41 publications

References 22 publications

Microcirculatory Patterns in Human Pancreas: Supplementary Observations of Vascular Casts by Scanning Electron Microscopy.

Microcirculatory Patterns in Human Pancreas: Supplementary Observations of Vascular Casts by Scanning Electron Microscopy.

Noninvasive In Vivo Measurement of β-Cell Mass in Mouse Model of Diabetes

<b>Microvascularization of the Pancreas in Larval and Adult </b><i><b>Xenopus laevis</b></i><b> – Histomorphology and Scanning Electron Microscopy of Vascular Corrosion </b><b>Casts </b>

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