The insular cortex is not insular in thyroid eye disease: neuroimaging revelations of central–peripheral system interaction
Haiyang Zhang,
Yuting Liu,
Duojin Xia
et al.
Abstract:Background
Thyroid eye disease (TED) is highly correlated with dysregulated immunoendocrine status. The insular cortex was found to regulate peripheral inflammation and immunomodulation in mice. This study aimed to explore whether the insular cortex in patients with TED played a modulatory role including the aberrant brain functional alteration and its association with immunoendocrine status.
Methods
This study included 34 active patients (AP), 30 … Show more
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