The Instars of a Maggot (<i>Pegohylemyia</i>) Inhabiting White Spruce Cones

Tripp, Howard A.

doi:10.4039/ent86185-4

Cited by 20 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…This was first observed by Tripp (1954) for S. neantliracina in North America. The larvae fed spirally around the cone axis destroying scale tissues and developing seed, and by the beginning of July, the majority were third instars ( fig.…”

Section: Oviposition and Life Cyclementioning

confidence: 63%

Oviposition, life cycle, and parasitoids of the spruce cone maggot, Strobilomyia anthracina (Diptera: Anthomyiidae), in the Alps

Brockerhoff

Kenis

1997

Bull. Entomol. Res.

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The life cycle of Strobilomyia anthracina (Czerny) which exploits Norway spruce seed cones was investigated in 1992 and 1993 in the Alps at c. 1800 m at Torgnon (Valle d'Aosta, Italy) and Lac de Tseuzier (Valais, Switzerland) by sampling cones at fortnightly intervals. Oviposition occurred primarily singly in the basal third of cones at the beginning of June when cone scales were open for pollination. Infestation rates were higher when cone crops were poor. Most larvae left the cones in August to pupate in the litter beneath trees, usually at a depth of 1-4 cm. Prolonged diapause of pupae coincided with failed or poor cone crops. Parasitism was investigated at these two and 27 additional sites in the Swiss, French and Italian Alps. Among several hundred host eggs only one was parasitized by Trichogramma sp. (Trichogrammatidae). Among the larval-pupal endoparasitoids, the figitid Sarothrus areolatus Hartig was more common than an ichneumonid, Atractodes sp., but parasitism by both was commonly below 10%. Parasitism by an ichneumonid larval ectoparasitoid, Scambus sp., also rarely exceeded 10%. Puparia of S. anthracina that were buried in the litter to detect pupal parasitoids revealed the gregarious pteromalid Tritneptis sp. near lophyrorum (Rushka). This is the first record of a pupal parasitoid of Strobilomyia species. Information on the biology of the three larval parasitoids is presented. The potential for biological control of North American Strobilomyia neanthracina Michelsen and S. appalachensis Michelsen by importation of natural enemies of S. anthracina appears limited.

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Section: Oviposition and Life Cyclementioning

confidence: 63%

Oviposition, life cycle, and parasitoids of the spruce cone maggot, Strobilomyia anthracina (Diptera: Anthomyiidae), in the Alps

Brockerhoff

Kenis

1997

Bull. Entomol. Res.

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“…Previously, descriptions and habits of the principal cone insects, namely the spruce seedworm, Laspeyresia youngana (Kft.) (Tripp, 1954b), the cone maggot, Pegohylemyia anthracina Czerny (Tripp, 1954a). and gall midges (Cecidomyiidae) (Tripp, 1955) were published.…”

Section: Abstract This Paper Discusses Insects Which Inhabit the Conementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Near the end of June or the first part of July, particularly during periods of high humidity, they tunnel 'Newly-hatched larvae are in the second instar. T h e first instar is passed i n the egS chorion (Tripp, 1954a For personal use only.…”

Section: Internalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Ecological Study and Damage Appraisal of White Spruce Cone Insects

Tripp¹,

Hedlin²

1956

The Forestry Chronicle

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This paper discusses insects which inhabit the cones o f white spruce,An attempt is made to bring together in one treatise the available information on all the insects causing primary injury to white spruce cones in Ontario and Saskatchewan. Previously, descriptions and habits of the principal cone insects, namely the spruce seedworm, Laspeyresia youngana (Kft.) (Tripp, 1954b), the cone maggot, Pegohylemyia anthracina Czerny (Tripp, 1954a). and gall midges (Cecidomyiidae) (Tripp, 1955) were published. In this paper the emphasis is placed on that part of the general biology pertinent to their ecology, and resulting damage to the seed. Consideration is also given to undeveloped or hollow seed because of its effect on the insect community and its economic significance. Cone insects less frequently encountered or those that do not contine themselves to a single cone are only casually treated. THE CONE AS A WITATThe cone is a compact unit and is thus readily studied as a community habitat. The insects inhabiting this restricted environment each have distinctive behaviors and in some cases quite restricted micro-habitats. It is, therefore, befitting that this paper begin with a description of the cones.A mature white spruce cone is elongate, ellipsoidal, and about 1.5 inches For personal use only.

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“…), pointing out that the yield may be reduced by more then 38 per cent. Tripp (116,117) gives a detailed account of the life cycle of a spruce cone inhabiting maggot and the spruce seedworm, Lespeyresia youn gana (Kft. ), an insect which in some seasons may virtually destroy the seed crop.…”

Section: Miscellaneous Forest Insectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecology of Forest Insects

Graham¹

1956

Annu. Rev. Entomol.

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The Instars of a Maggot (Pegohylemyia) Inhabiting White Spruce Cones

Cited by 20 publications

References 2 publications

Oviposition, life cycle, and parasitoids of the spruce cone maggot, Strobilomyia anthracina (Diptera: Anthomyiidae), in the Alps

Oviposition, life cycle, and parasitoids of the spruce cone maggot, Strobilomyia anthracina (Diptera: Anthomyiidae), in the Alps

An Ecological Study and Damage Appraisal of White Spruce Cone Insects

Ecology of Forest Insects

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