The insoluble matter of coal tar. VI. Oxidation of free carbon

Previous application of surface‐tension rules to dilution of coal tars is criticized and it is considered that the surface tension of the mixture of diluent with the oils of the tar must be considered rather than the surface tension of the diluent alone. Maximum insolubles in a tar‐diluent system occur at lower ratios of diluent to tar for both horizontal‐ and vertical‐retort tars. The relation of maximum insolubles to the surface tension of the diluents has been examined and generally it is shown that diluents with surface tensions above that of the tar behave quite differently from those of lower surface tension. The results are interpreted to mean that flocculation and precipitation, followed by solution or redis‐persion, occur when diluent of surface tension lower than the tar is added in increasing amounts.

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Some aspects of the chemistry of coal tars. I. Chemical nature

Vahrman

1952

J. Appl. Chem.

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The chemical, and to a more limited extent the physical,, properties of coal tars of different origins are revicwed to serve as a background to the work to be described in later parts, mainly on tars derivcd from down-jet combustion of bituminous coal. To the same end, the chemistry of the amorphous constituents of coal tars is separately considered, and a classification on the basis of known data is given.The experimental work to be described in this series of papers is concerned with, but not entirely confined to, the chemistry of tars derived from the down-jet combustion of coal. It is desirable first to summarize and re-evaluate those portions of the literature bearing on the work undertaken.tAlthough the general characteristics of low-temperature and high-temperature tars are well known, it is not generally recognized that low-temperature tars can be subdivided according to the degree of decomposition suffered by the tar, so that only by broadly surveying the whole field can an attempt be made to construct a scale to serve as a measure of the ' primariness ' of any particular tar. One of the main obstacles in obtaining a clearer view of the interrelationships between tars and between specific tar-components is the presence of amorphous materials of unknown chemical structures, which are particularly plentiful in low-temperature tars. A critical examination of the literature was thought to be of value here in reducing the confusion that exists between amorphous materials of differing structures and origins. This was considered important not only in the further study of the amorphous constituents themselves, but also in attempting to relate the structures of the more primary of them to the chemical constitution of coal. Thus it was realized quite early in the work on down-jet tar that it was of a high degree of ' primariness ' ; this determined, to a considerable extent, the course of the subsequent investigations.

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The insoluble matter of coal tar. VI. Oxidation of free carbon

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The insoluble matter of coal tar. VII. Dilution of tars

The insoluble matter of coal tar. VII. Dilution of tars

The insoluble matter of coal tar. VII. Dilution of tars

Some aspects of the chemistry of coal tars. I. Chemical nature

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