The Insanity Defense Reform Act in New York State, 1980–1983

Stokman, Cornelis L. J.; Heiber, Patricia G.

doi:10.1016/0160-2527(84)90018-9

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 10 publications

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“…Consistently, the most important factor has been a forensic evaluation recommendation of nonresponsibility and/or a psychiatric diagnosis of schizophrenia (Steadman, Keitner, Braff, & Arvanites, 1983). Other important factors include sociodemographic characteristics as well as variables related to the specific crime and criminal justice processing (Hawkins & Pasewark, 1983; Jeffrey, Pasewark, & Beiber, 1988; Klofas & Weisheit, 1986; Steadman, 1985; Stokeman & Heiber, 1984). Persons who successfully plead NGRI, compared with those who fail with the insanity defense, tend to be older, better educated, black, single, unskilled, and unemployed.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring the effects of the guilty but mentally ill (GBMI) verdict: Georgia's 1982 GBMI reform.

Callahan

McGreevy

Cirincione³

et al. 1992

Law and Human Behavior

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We studied effects of guilty but mentally ill (GBMI) legislation on use of the insanity defense in Georgia using data on all defendants entering an insanity plea before (1976-1981) and after (1982-1985) the introduction of the GBMI verdict. In contrast to earlier studies, our results indicated that GBMI did decrease the likelihood of an insanity verdict and affected the composition of those found not guilty by reason of insanity. Defendants pleading insanity and found GBMI were typically white males with a serious mental disorder, charged with murder or robbery in which an unrelated female victim was involved. The data also indicated that defendants who pleaded insanity and were found GBMI received harsher sentences than their guilty counterparts. We conclude that the GBMI verdict will make the insanity plea a less appealing option for mentally ill defendants.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring the effects of the guilty but mentally ill (GBMI) verdict: Georgia's 1982 GBMI reform.

Callahan

McGreevy

Cirincione³

et al. 1992

Law and Human Behavior

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MMPI-2 profiles of NGRI and civil patients

Moskowitz

Lewis

Ito³

et al. 1999

J. Clin. Psychol.

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Limited information is available comparing individuals found Not Guilty by Reason of Insanity (NGRI) to other psychiatric patients. This study examined the MMPI-2 profiles of 36 NGRIs and 35 civilly committed inpatients at 3 state psychiatric hospitals. The NGRI and civil patient groups differed in terms of race and gender with more minority individuals and fewer women in the NGRI group. Therefore, these demographic variables were used as covariates in a MANCOVA comparing the MMPI-2 validity and clinical scales for these 2 groups. NGRIs and civil inpatients produced significantly different mean MMPI-2 profiles, with NGRIs reporting less pathology overall compared to civil inpatients. Specifically, NGRIs had lower scores on scales F, 1, 2, 7, 8, and O and higher scores on scale K. Contrary to expectations, NGRIs and civil patients did not differ on scale 4, supplementary scale Re, and content scales ANG, CYN, and ASP, or Harris-Lingoes subscale Pd2. Overall, these results suggest that NGRI patients are functioning at a higher level than civil patients. These findings are considered in terms of previous results and potential selection bias. Implications for treatment and future research are also considered.

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