The injury severity score of road traffic casualties in relation to mortality, time of death, hospital treatment time and disability

Bull, John

doi:10.1016/0001-4575(75)90026-3

Cited by 137 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…has been used to predict mortality, morbidity, 18,19 and risk for postinjury multiple organ failure. 20 In trauma research, the ISS also has been used to dichotomize trauma patients into severe injuries (ISS ≥15) and nonsevere injuries (ISS <15) and to evaluate the outcomes of patients with similar degrees of injury severity.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduced Mortality in Injured Adults Transported by Helicopter Emergency Medical Services

Sullivent

Faul

Wald

2011

Prehospital Emergency Care

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Background. Some studies have shown improved outcomes with helicopter emergency medical services (HEMS) transport, while others have not. Safety concerns and cost have prompted reevaluation of the widespread use of HEMS. Objective. To determine whether the mode of transport of trauma patients affects mortality. Methods. Data for 56,744 injured adults aged ≥18 years transported to 62 U.S. trauma centers by helicopter or ground ambulance were obtained from the National Sample Program of the 2007 National Trauma Data Bank. In-hospital mortality was calculated for different demographic and injury severity groups. Adjusted odds ratios (AOR) were produced by utilizing a logistic regression model measuring the association of mortality and type of transport, controlling for age, gender, and injury severity (Injury Severity Score [ISS] and Revised Trauma Score [RTS]). Results. The odds of death were 39% lower in those transported by HEMS compared with those transported by ground ambulance (AOR = 0.61, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.54-0.69). Among those aged ≥55 years, the odds of death were not significantly different (AOR = 0.92, 95% CI = 0.74-1.13). Among all transports, male patients had a higher odds of death (AOR = 1.23, 95% CI = 1.10-1.38) than female patients. The odds of death increased with each year

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduced Mortality in Injured Adults Transported by Helicopter Emergency Medical Services

Sullivent

Faul

Wald

2011

Prehospital Emergency Care

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“…43, 45 The ICD-9-CM codes for each child were used to generate 2 dichotomous scores: presence or absence of loss of consciousness and presence or absence of a long bone fracture. A dichotomous variable was created for age (8-11 years vs 12-17 years).…”

Section: Demographic Information and Injury Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening for Risk of Persistent Posttraumatic Stress in Injured Children and Their Parents

Winston

Kassam‐Adams²,

García‐España³

et al. 2003

JAMA

169

152

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Context Injury, a leading health threat to children, is also a common cause of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in childhood. Most injured children with PTSD are not diagnosed or treated.Objective To develop a stand-alone screening tool for use by clinicians during acute trauma care to identify injured children and their parents who are at risk of significant, persistent posttraumatic stress symptoms. DesignThe Screening Tool for Early Predictors of PTSD (STEPP) was derived from a 50-item risk factor survey administered within 1 month of injury as part of a prospective cohort study of posttraumatic stress in injured children and their parents. Symptoms of PTSD were assessed at least 3 months after injury.Setting Urban, pediatric level I trauma center.Participants A sample of 269 children aged 8 to 17 years admitted for treatment of traffic-related injuries between July 1999 and October 2001, and one parent per child, completed a risk factor survey assessing potential predictors of PTSD outcome. One hundred seventy-one families (63%) completed a follow-up assessment. Main Outcome MeasuresThe Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale for Children and Adolescents and the PTSD Checklist served as criterion standards for child and parent outcomes, respectively. Positive cases were defined as those meeting criteria for at least subsyndromal PTSD with continuing impairment ("persistent traumatic stress"). ResultsThe STEPP contains 4 dichotomous questions asked of the child, 4 asked of one parent, and 4 items obtained easily from the emergency medical record. STEPP sensitivity in predicting posttraumatic stress was 0.88 for children and 0.96 for parents, with negative predictive values of 0.95 for children and 0.99 for parents. The odds ratio for prediction of persistent traumatic stress was 6.5 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.8-22.8) in children and 26.6 (95% CI, 3.5-202.1) in parents. ConclusionsThe STEPP represents a new method to guide clinicians in making evidence-based decisions for the allocation of scarce mental health resources for traumatic stress. Its brevity and simple scoring rule suggest that it can be easily administered in the acute care setting.

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“…The current level of development of software packages of statistical programs and of expert systems permits the relatively rapid development of predictive models by any major hospital or specialized centre in Ukraine. At the same time, the full potential of modern statistical methods in medical and clinical research is not widely used in Ukraine, in contrast to the practice of leading Western centres, which have established analytical groups, professionally engaged in the collection and processing of data, and in the construction of predictive models and expert systems [12][13][14][15][16].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction of Outcomes in Victims with Severe Trauma by Statistical Models

Šteno¹,

Boyko²,

Zamiatin³

et al. 2017

J Biom Biostat

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Background: There are different approaches to the assessment of the severity of trauma in a victim and to the provision of specialized health care. Some of them are based on the development of scales and logistic models, using expert systems or statistical methods, to assess the severity of injury and the probability of a particular outcome. This article presents the results of a study on the feasibility of developing and applying various statistical models in order to predict the outcome in the case of different types of trauma, based on data on the status of victims with severe trauma. Patients and methods:

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The injury severity score of road traffic casualties in relation to mortality, time of death, hospital treatment time and disability

Cited by 137 publications

References 5 publications

Reduced Mortality in Injured Adults Transported by Helicopter Emergency Medical Services

Reduced Mortality in Injured Adults Transported by Helicopter Emergency Medical Services

Screening for Risk of Persistent Posttraumatic Stress in Injured Children and Their Parents

Prediction of Outcomes in Victims with Severe Trauma by Statistical Models

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