The initiation and growth of bulbs

Rees, A. R.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-585450-4.50011-9

Cited by 36 publications

(56 citation statements)

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“…Geophytes have a special adaptive strategy that allows the plants to maintain the ability to survive in seasonally unfavorable climates, such as high or low temperature in summer or winter and summer drought conditions by entering a dormant phase with storage organs that are ready for subsequent season growth (Dafni et al, 1981;Okubo, 2000;Rees, 1972;Viémont and Crabbé, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variation of Dormancy and Early Flowering Ability in Lilium longiflorum and L. formosanum Populations in the Ryukyu Archipelago and Taiwan

Mojtahedi

Masuda

Hiramatsu

et al. 2013

J. Japan. Soc. Hort. Sci.

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Variations in the dormancy and early flowering ability of seedlings of four populations of Lilium longiflorum, Yaku Shima (LYA), Kikai Jima (LKI), and Ishigaki Jima (LIS) in the Ryukyu Archipelago, Japan and Pitouchiao (LPI), Taiwan, and two populations of L. formosanum, Wulai (FWU), Taiwan and a domesticated Fukuoka population (FFU), Japan were investigated. Seedlings of each population were grown at 15°C for five months. They were then transplanted into an experimental open field for two years or at 15, 20, 25, and 30°C under natural day length for 22 weeks. In the field experiments, FWU, FFU, and LPI populations continued to develop new leaves even at >30°C. Flowering percentage for FFU and LPI was 90% and 19.7%, respectively. Leaf development of LIS, LKI, and LYA was completely arrested from early June in both years, and the flowering percentages were 28, 25, and, 10 in the second year, respectively. Under controlled temperature conditions, LKI and LYA populations produced new leaves only at 15°C. FFU and LPI continued growing at 25 and 30°C, whereas the other populations did not grow. FFU significantly produced the heaviest leaves and bulbs and the highest number of scales per bulb at any temperature. The results showed that high temperature induces bulb dormancy in northern L. longiflorum. Strong correlation with the early flowering ability and bulb dormancy was also found. It seems that the early flowering ability of L. formosanum is largely dependent on the lack or reduction of bulb dormancy after adaptation to the local southern climate. The latitudinal variation of this trait demonstrated the geographic gradient during species habituation in the Ryukyu Archipelago.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variation of Dormancy and Early Flowering Ability in Lilium longiflorum and L. formosanum Populations in the Ryukyu Archipelago and Taiwan

Mojtahedi

Masuda

Hiramatsu

et al. 2013

J. Japan. Soc. Hort. Sci.

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“…for flower or bulb production, can be controlled with a high degree of precision. Although much is now known about the practical uses of temperature for bulb forcing and growing, our physiological and biochemical knowledge essential for understanding how temperature controls and regulates the growth and development of bulbs during ontogeny is relatively meagre and incomplete (19).Earlier studies on various bulb species have shown the presence and changes in amount of hormones in response to temperature during specific stages of bulb development (3,5,17, 22,23 (Fig. 1) and the fresh weights were recorded.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…ABA was low in the scales and shoot, but it was high in the basalplate, bulblets, and roots. It is suggested that the probable ABA biosynthetic sites of tulip bulb are the developing bulblets, basalplate, and roots.The basic temperature requirements of many bulb species are well documented (10,19). Because of their economic importance, the temperature requirements of each bulb species must be precisely defined in order that the desired developmental responses of the bulbs, e.g.…”

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confidence: 99%

Temperature Regulation of Growth and Endogenous Abscisic Acid-like Content of Tulipa gesneriana L

Aung

Hertogh

1979

Plant Physiol.

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The ontogenetic changes of dry matter and abscisic acid (ABA)-like content in the component organs of Tulipa gesneriana L. 'Paul Richter' and 'Golden Melody' under two temperature storage regimes were determined. The organ dry matter and ABA showed marked differences during 13 and 5 C dry storage and during subsequent growth at 13 C. Scale dry matter of both cultivars declined sharply when grown at 13 C. The basalplate of the cultivars showed an initial gain in dry matter, but declined subsequently. The shoot of both cultivars stored at 13 C exhibited greater dry matter gain than at 5 C. In contrast, the bulblets of the cultivars at 5 C showed a much higher rate of dry matter accumulation than at 13 C.An inhibitory substance extracted from tulip bulb organs co-chromatographed with authentic ABA and had identical thin layer chromatographic RF values of ABA in five solvent systems. The total ABA content per bulb increased 3-fold in 'Golden Melody' and 2-to 4-fold in 'Paul Richter' during the course of the temperature treatments. ABA was low in the scales and shoot, but it was high in the basalplate, bulblets, and roots. It is suggested that the probable ABA biosynthetic sites of tulip bulb are the developing bulblets, basalplate, and roots.The basic temperature requirements of many bulb species are well documented (10,19). Because of their economic importance, the temperature requirements of each bulb species must be precisely defined in order that the desired developmental responses of the bulbs, e.g. for flower or bulb production, can be controlled with a high degree of precision. Although much is now known about the practical uses of temperature for bulb forcing and growing, our physiological and biochemical knowledge essential for understanding how temperature controls and regulates the growth and development of bulbs during ontogeny is relatively meagre and incomplete (19).Earlier studies on various bulb species have shown the presence and changes in amount of hormones in response to temperature during specific stages of bulb development (3,5,17, 22,23 (Fig. 1) and the fresh weights were recorded. Dry weights were obtained after lyophilization of the tissues. Subsequently, 25 bulbs of each cultivar were sampled after 4, 8, and 12 weeks of dry storage at 5 and 13 C and after 2, 4, and 9 weeks of growth at 13 C. For each sample, fresh and dry weight determinations were made and ABA content determined. The bulbs in the last three sampling dates were planted in white quartz sand and kept watered in a growth chamber maintained at 13 C day and night temperature. The bulbs received a 12-h photoperiod with an illuminance of 13 klux giving a photon flux density of PAR of 160 ,LE m-2 s-' from mixed cool-white fluorescent and incandescent lamps. Depending upon temperature treatments, the planted bulbs provided root samples for ABA determinations.Extraction, Purification, Chromatography, and Bioassay. The organ samples were extracted for ABA content using a modification of the procedures of Cornforth et al. (9) a...

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“…Gould, personal communication (Algera 1968 [185][186][187][188][189][190] (Jan. 1979) bulbs were retarded at 30'C and 85Vo relative humidity for 3-6mo (Rees 1972 (Table l).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…"Iris topple" (Rees 1972;Gould 1957) is a physiological disorder of bulbous lris that has been observed in both greenhouse forced plants (Haasis 1953;Gould 1957;Rees 1972) and in the field (C. J. Gould, personal communication (Algera 1968 [185][186][187][188][189][190] (Jan. 1979) bulbs were retarded at 30'C and 85Vo relative humidity for 3-6mo (Rees 1972 (Table l).…”

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confidence: 99%