“…In the mid-to late 1980s, radiator repair in the US was identi®ed as an occupation associated with high lead exposure and blood lead levels in radiator repair workers (RRWs) [Goldman et al, 1987]. Subsequent studies have con®rmed these ®ndings [Lussenhop et al, 1989;Maizlish et al, 1990;Bellows and Rudolph, 1993;Nunez et al, 1993;Dalton et al, 1997] and demonstrated that many RRWs have blood leads in excess of the US OSHA standard of 40 mg/dl. Blood lead levels of this magnitude place RRWs at increased risk for the adverse health effects of lead.…”