The Inhibitory Effect of Propylene Glycol Alginate Sodium Sulfate on Fibroblast Growth Factor 2-Mediated Angiogenesis and Invasion in Murine Melanoma B16-F10 Cells In Vitro

Abstract

Melanoma is one of the most malignant and aggressive types of cancer worldwide. Fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) is one of the critical regulators of melanoma angiogenesis and metastasis; thus, it might be an effective anti-cancer strategy to explore FGF2-targeting drug candidates from existing drugs. In this study, we evaluate the effect of the marine drug propylene glycol alginate sodium sulfate (PSS) on FGF2-mediated angiogenesis and invasion. The data shows that FGF2 selectively bound to PSS with high affinity. PSS inhibited FGF2-mediated angiogenesis in a rat aortic ring model and suppressed FGF2-mediated invasion, but not the migration of murine melanoma B16-F10 cells. The further mechanism study indicates that PSS decreased the expression of activated matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2) and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9), and also suppressed their activity. In addition, PSS was found to decrease the level of Vimentin in B16-F10 cells, which is known to participate in the epithelial–mesenchymal transition. Notably, PSS did not elicit any changes in cancer cell viability. Based on the results above, we conclude that PSS might be a potential drug to regulate the tumor microenvironment in order to facilitate the recovery of melanoma patients.

Generation and functional characterization of a single-chain variable fragment (scFv) of the anti-FGF2 3F12E7 monoclonal antibody

“…The 3F12E7 scFv was characterized from both functional and colloidal perspectives. The provided experimental results demonstrate the scFv effectiveness in binding FGF2 and inhibiting the growth of B16-F10 experimental tumors, known to be dependent on the FGF2-mediated signaling 6 , 19 , 20 . These findings are similar to those achieved with the corresponding full-length IgG mAb and come from a product containing scFv monomer and small oligomers, as assessed by native electrophoresis (BN-PAGE).…”

Baicalein restrains proliferation, migration, and invasion of human malignant melanoma cells by down-regulating colon cancer associated transcript-1

“…When melanoma cells were stimulated with BAI, there was an obvious decline in the relative invasive rate compared to the control group (Po0.001). It is well known that the activation of angiogenesis depends on MMP-2 and vimentin, which are known to participate in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (21,22). As shown in Figure 2C, MMP-2 and vimentin expression was inhibited due to the treatment of BAI compared with the control (Po0.001).…”

Conservation of Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition Process in Neural Crest Cells and Metastatic Cancer

“…The intracellular transducer and kinase proteins have not been identified for the IGF, EGF, and PDGF signaling pathways based on our literature search. Conversely, in MC progression, all 4 extracellular ligands promote a signaling cascade to activate protein-coding genes as previously reported in peer-reviewed articles [Ghiso et al, 2017;Ma et al, 2019; [Jiang et al, 1998;Murray and Gridley 2006], the role of Snail family members is not always consistent among specific species; for example, knockdown of Snail2 RNA in Xenopus results in inhibition of neural crest mi-gration [Carl et al, 1999]. Loss-and gain-of-function data have also provided evidence that Snail2 is important in neural crest development in chick and Xenopus [Aybar et al, 2003].…”