The inhibitory effect of hormones associated with stress on Na appetite of sheep

Weisinger, R. S.; Blair‐West, J. R.; Burns, Peta; Denton, Derek A.; McKinley, Michael J.; Purcell, B.; Vale, W.; Rivier, Jean; Sunagawa, Katsunori

doi:10.1073/pnas.040577997

Cited by 28 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 55 publications

(90 reference statements)

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“…This latter result is different from earlier findings that intracerebroventricular infusion of ovine CRF increased NaCl intake in rabbits (35,36) and in mice (10). The result is, however, consistent with more recent findings that human CRF and rat Ucn, administered intracerebroventricularly or intravenously, inhibited need-free NaCl intake in sheep (40).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 92%

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Ingestive responses to administration of stress hormones in baboons

Shade¹,

Blair‐West²,

Carey

et al. 2002

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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Experimental stress and the administration of the stress hormone ACTH have been reported to stimulate sodium appetite in many nonprimate species. Experiments were conducted to determine whether prolonged intracerebroventricular infusions of the neuropeptides corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) and urocortin (Ucn), or systemic administration of ACTH, affected ingestive behaviors in a nonhuman primate, the baboon. Intracerebroventricular infusions of CRF or Ucn significantly decreased daily food intake. The decrease with Ucn continued into the postinfusion period. These infusions did not alter daily water intake. Daily voluntary intake of 300 mM NaCl solution was not increased, and there was evidence of reductions on days 2-4 of the infusions. Intramuscular injections of porcine ACTH or synthetic ACTH (Synacthen) for 5 days did not affect daily NaCl intake, although the doses were sufficient to increase cortisol secretion and arterial blood pressure. Sodium depletion by 3 days of furosemide injections did induce a characteristic sodium appetite in the same baboons. These results demonstrate the anorexigenic action of CRF and Ucn in this primate. Also, CRF, Ucn, and ACTH did not stimulate sodium appetite at the doses used.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 92%

“…The results of recent experiments in sheep (40), however, are at variance with the proposal that the stress cascade of CRF-ACTH-corticosteroid secretion increases NaCl intake. The central administration of CRF or Ucn or ACTH, in sheep, all decreased food intake, but each of them also decreased need-free NaCl intake.…”

mentioning

confidence: 66%

Ingestive responses to administration of stress hormones in baboons

Shade¹,

Blair‐West²,

Carey

et al. 2002

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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“…Hypodipsia following i.c.v. CRF/Ucn 1 similarly was reported in mice, rats, chickens, and sheep (Denbow et al, 1999;Weisinger et al, 2000;Inoue et al, 2003). The peptides' anorectic effects were not secondary to hypodipsia since they were retained in pica testing, during which water was not provided.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Human Urocortin 2, a Corticotropin-Releasing Factor (CRF)₂Agonist, and Ovine CRF, a CRF₁Agonist, Differentially Alter Feeding and Motor Activity

Zorrilla

Reinhardt²,

Valdez³

et al. 2004

J Pharmacol Exp Ther

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Two corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) receptor families have been identified (CRF 1 and CRF 2 ). Whereas anxiogenic-like roles for the CRF 1 receptor have been identified, behavioral functions of the CRF 2 receptor remain obscure. Urocortin 2 (Ucn 2), a CRF-related peptide that selectively binds CRF 2 receptors, was recently identified and recognized for its central anorectic properties. The present study tested the hypothesis that the anorexigenic mode of action of Ucn 2 differed from that of ovine CRF (oCRF), a preferential CRF 1 receptor agonist. The behavioral effects of intracerebroventricular administration of Ucn 2 were compared with those of oCRF in nondeprived male Wistar rats (n ϭ 102). Ucn 2 reduced 6-h food and water intake at doses that did not induce visceral illness (0.1, 1, and 10 g), as indicated by kaolin intake. Ucn 2 retained its potent anorectic activity in rats receiving a highly palatable cafeteria diet, preferentially reducing intake of carbohydrate (CHO)-rich items while sparing intake of mixed-fat/CHO items. In contrast to Ucn 2, oCRF (10 g) suppressed 6-h intake of cafeteria diet-fed rats without regard to macronutrient composition. Rather, oCRF most potently suppressed intake of preferred food items. Whereas oCRF had short-onset motor-activating effects, Ucn 2 had nondose-dependent, delayed-onset motor-suppressing effects. Thus, central infusion of a CRF 2 receptor agonist suppressed intake of both bland and palatable diets without inducing behavioral arousal or malaise, and the profile of anorexigenic effects qualitatively differed from those of a CRF 1 receptor agonist. The results suggest the existence of distinct forms of CRF 1 -and CRF 2 -mediated anorexia.

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“…CRF or Ucn has been reported in rats (Spina et al, 1996) and mice (Bradbury et al, 2000). Pair-feeding experiments suggest that effects on fluid intake in sheep are secondary to reduced feeding (Weisinger et al, 2000). In contrast, i.c.v.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Urocortin II, a Selective Agonist for the Type 2 Corticotropin-Releasing Factor Receptor, Decreases Feeding and Drinking in the Rat

Inoue¹,

Valdez²,

Reyes³

et al. 2003

J Pharmacol Exp Ther

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Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) has been hypothesized to modulate consummatory behavior through the Type 2 CRF (CRF 2 ) receptor. However, behavioral functions subserved by the CRF 2 receptor remain poorly understood. Recently, human urocortin II (hUcn II), a selective CRF 2 receptor agonist, was identified. To study the effects of this neuropeptide on ingestive behavior, we examined the effects of centrally infused hUcn II (i.c.v. 0, 0.01, 0.1, 1.0, 10.0 g) on the microstructure of nosepoke responding for food and water in nondeprived, male rats. Malaise-inducing properties of the peptide were monitored using conditioned taste aversion (CTA) testing. To identify potential sites of action, central induction of Fos protein expression was examined. hUcn II dose dependently reduced the quantity and duration of responding for food and water at doses lower (0.01-1.0 g) than that forming a CTA (10 g). Effects were most evident during hours 4 to 6 of the dark cycle. Meal pattern analysis showed that hUcn II potently (0.1 g) increased the satiating value of food. Rats ate and drank smaller and shorter meals without changing meal frequency. Rats also ate more slowly. hUcn II induced Fos in regions involved in visceral sensory processing and autonomic/neuroendocrine regulation and resembling those activated by appetite suppressants. hUcn II is a promising neuropeptide for investigating the role of the CRF 2 receptor in ingestive behavior.Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) is hypothesized to mediate behavioral, autonomic, endocrine, and immunological responses to stress (Koob and Heinrichs, 1999). Intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) administration of CRF in rats mimics several behavioral effects of stress, including motor activation, anxiety-like behavior, anorexia, reduced sexual behavior, and altered cognitive performance (Koob et al., 1994). Two genes encoding separate families of G-protein coupled CRF receptors, each having distinct distributions and functional and pharmacological properties (Perrin and Vale, 1999), have been identified (CRF 1 and CRF 2 ). Whereas molecular and receptor antagonist studies point to activating and anxiogenic-like roles of the CRF 1 receptor (Koob and Heinrichs, 1999), behavioral functions mediated by the CRF 2 receptor have remained obscure.

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The inhibitory effect of hormones associated with stress on Na appetite of sheep

Cited by 28 publications

References 55 publications

Ingestive responses to administration of stress hormones in baboons

Ingestive responses to administration of stress hormones in baboons

Human Urocortin 2, a Corticotropin-Releasing Factor (CRF)₂Agonist, and Ovine CRF, a CRF₁Agonist, Differentially Alter Feeding and Motor Activity

Human Urocortin II, a Selective Agonist for the Type 2 Corticotropin-Releasing Factor Receptor, Decreases Feeding and Drinking in the Rat

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The inhibitory effect of hormones associated with stress on Na appetite of sheep

Cited by 28 publications

References 55 publications

Ingestive responses to administration of stress hormones in baboons

Ingestive responses to administration of stress hormones in baboons

Human Urocortin 2, a Corticotropin-Releasing Factor (CRF)2Agonist, and Ovine CRF, a CRF1Agonist, Differentially Alter Feeding and Motor Activity

Human Urocortin II, a Selective Agonist for the Type 2 Corticotropin-Releasing Factor Receptor, Decreases Feeding and Drinking in the Rat

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Human Urocortin 2, a Corticotropin-Releasing Factor (CRF)₂Agonist, and Ovine CRF, a CRF₁Agonist, Differentially Alter Feeding and Motor Activity