The Inhibition of Plaque in Humans By Two Experimental Oral Rinses

Fischman, Stuart L.; Picozzi, Anthony; Cancro, Lewis P.; Pader, Morton

doi:10.1902/jop.1973.44.2.100

Cited by 36 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Previous reports on the plaque-inhibiting effect of zinc citrate containing solutions have been contradic tory [Fischman et al, 1973;Addy et al, 1980]. In the present study, a solution of 12.0 m M Zn2+ from zinc citrate decreased plaque accumulations ( fig.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

Plaque Inhibition by a Combination of Zinc Citrate and Sodium Lauryl Sulfate

1989

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Bacteriological tests demonstrated an additive inhibitory effect of ZnCl₂ and sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) on in vitro growth of Streptococcus sobrinus OMZ 176 and of Streptococcus sanguis ATCC 10556. As measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometry, the solubility of zinc citrate increased in the presence of SLS. After 48 h, the concentration of solubilized zinc from aqueous solutions of 5.0 mM zinc citrate was 12.0 mM versus 14.4 mMin the presence of 34.7 mM SLS. The plaque-inhibiting properties of aqueous solutions of 12.0 mM Zn²⁺ from zinc citrate, 34.7 mM SLS, and 14.4 mM Zn²⁺ from zinc citrate in combination with 34.7 mM SLS were examined in 7 volunteers. Plaque accumulations were assessed by using a method earlier described after 3 days of twice daily mouthrinses with 10 ml test solution, during which period no mechanical oral hygiene was performed. Compared to placebo, SLS and zinc citrate increased the frequency of plaque index score 0 by 52.9 and 98.3%, respectively, and SLS gave 36.9% and zinc citrate 55.7% less surfaces with scores 2 or 3 (p < 0.05 in all cases). The combination of zinc citrate and SLS gave a threefold increase of plaque index score 0 and a 70.5 % reduction of scores 2 or 3 (p < 0.05).

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

Plaque Inhibition by a Combination of Zinc Citrate and Sodium Lauryl Sulfate

1989

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“…In the present investigation, the favorable anticalculus effects observed are likely to be due to a combination of the antiplaque effect of the triclosan/zinc combination and the anticrystal formation properties of zinc citrate. Ritchie et al 33 have observed less calculus in dogs after applications of mouthrinses containing a zinc salt and quaternary ammonium compounds, and Fischman et al 34 have reported reduced calculus in humans after they had used mouthrinses containing zinc and an antimicrobial agent.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control of Gingivitis and Calculus by a Dentifrice Containing a Zinc Salt and Triclosan

Stephen

Saxton

Jones

et al. 1990

Journal of Periodontology

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The effect of unsupervised brushing with a dentifrice containing two antiplaque agents, 0.5% zinc citrate and 0.2% triclosan, on gingival health, plaque, supragingival calculus, and the oral flora was compared to brushing with a non‐active control dentifrice. Volunteers were given oral hygiene instruction and their teeth were professionally cleaned. They then used a placebo dentifrice for a pre‐experimental phase of 1 month, before being stratified into two groups on the basis of their initial plaque, gingival bleeding, and calculus levels, sex, and age. Over the following 6 months, one group used the control while the other used the test dentifrice. Plaque levels, gingival bleeding, and calculus were assessed at baseline and at 3 and 6 months. Supragingival plaque was sampled for microbiological analysis at the initial examination, at 3 and 6 months (conclusion of study period) and 3 months after the study. Representative oral bacteria and the development of bacterial resistance to triclosan were monitored. Results showed that plaque was reduced and gingival health significantly improved during the 1‐month preexperimental period. During the experimental period, this improvement was not maintained by the control group as gingival bleeding and calculus increased. In contrast, gingival bleeding and calculus levels of the test group were maintained significantly below those of the placebo group. Plaque levels were lower in the test group after 3 and 6 months, but the groups were not significantly (P = 0.05) different. No shifts in oral flora or development of bacterial resistance to triclosan were detected. J Periodontol 1990; 61:674–679.

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“…Previous studies have reported the use of topically applied zinc salts for the con trol of plaque and/or calculus deposits in vivo [Addy et al, 1980;Fischman et al, 1973;Hanke, 1940;Picozzi et al, 1972;Schmid et al, 1974], Sources of zinc used in these and subsequent preparations have included zinc chloride [Lobene et al, 1985;Schmid et al, 1974], zinc citrate [PretaraSpanedda et al, 1985;Addy et al, 1980], combinations of zinc citrate and zinc tribromsalan [Fischman et al, 1973] and combinations of zinc chloride and sanguinarine [Southard et al, 1985]. Cur rently, a number of commercial dentifrice products are being marketed which con tain zinc citrate or zinc chloride for plaque and/or calculus control.1…”

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confidence: 99%