The inhibition of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) in improving inflammatory response after traumatic brain injury

Campolo, Michela; Casili, Giovanna; Lanza, Marika; Filippone, Alessia; Cordaro, Massimiliano; Ardizzone, Alessio; Scuderi, Sarah Adriana; Cuzzocrea, Salvatore; Esposito, Emanuela; Paterniti, Irene

doi:10.1111/jcmm.16702

Cited by 23 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Activation of microglia and astrocytes contributes to synaptic remodeling, tissue repair and neuronal survival following traumatic brain injury (TBI) [ 26 ]. Therefore, we evaluated, by western blot analysis, the expression of Iba-1 and GFAP, as a marker of microglial and astrocyte activation, respectively, in different brain areas (hippocampus, cortex and other).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibition of LRRK2 Attenuates Depression-Related Symptoms in Mice with Moderate Traumatic Brain Injury

Filippone¹,

Cucinotta²,

Bova³

et al. 2023

Cells

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Moderate traumatic brain injury (mTBI) has been associated with emotional dysregulation such as loss of consciousness, post-traumatic amnesia and major depressive disorder. The gene Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) is involved in protein synthesis and degradation, apoptosis, inflammation and oxidative stress, processes that trigger mTBI. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of LRRK2 in reducing depression-related symptoms after mTBI and to determine whether inhibition of LRRK2 mediated by PF-06447475 could have antidepressant effects. Moderate traumatic brain injury was induced by controlled cortical impact (CCI) and mice were treated with PF-06447475 at doses of 1, 2.5 and 5 mg/kg once daily for 14 days. We performed histological, immunohistochemical and molecular analyses of brain tissue 24 days after mTBI. Furthermore, the tissue changes found in the hippocampus and amygdala confirmed the depression-like behavior. PF-treatment with 06447475 significantly reduced the histological damage and behavioral disturbances. Thus, this study has shown that mTBI induction promotes the development of depression-like behavioral changes. LRRK2 inhibition showed an antidepressant effect and restored the changes in the copper/glutamate/N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor (Cu/NMDAR) system.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibition of LRRK2 Attenuates Depression-Related Symptoms in Mice with Moderate Traumatic Brain Injury

Filippone¹,

Cucinotta²,

Bova³

et al. 2023

Cells

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“…Immunohistochemical staining was performed as previously described [ 19 , 20 ] and reported below. The brains were removed, fixed and embedded in paraffin.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

SUN11602, a bFGF mimetic, modulated neuroinflammation, apoptosis and calcium-binding proteins in an in vivo model of MPTP-induced nigrostriatal degeneration

Ardizzone

Bova

Casili

et al. 2022

J Neuroinflammation

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Background Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most frequent neurodegenerative disease. PD etiopathogenesis is multifactorial and not yet fully known, however, the scientific world advised the establishment of neuroinflammation among the possible risk factors. In this field, basic fibroblast growth factor/fibroblast growth factor receptor-1 (bFGF/FGFR1) could be a promising way to treat CNS-mediated inflammation; unfortunately, the use of bFGF as therapeutic agent is limited by its side effects. The novel synthetic compound SUN11602 exhibited neuroprotective activities like bFGF. With this perspective, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of SUN11602 administration in a murine model of MPTP-induced dopaminergic degeneration. Methods Specifically, nigrostriatal degeneration was induced by intraperitoneal injection of MPTP (80 mg/kg). SUN11602 (1 mg/kg, 2.5 mg/kg, and 5 mg/kg) was administered daily by oral gavage starting from 24 h after the first administration of MPTP. Mice were killed 7 days after MPTP induction. Results The results obtained showed that SUN11602 administration significantly reduced the alteration of PD hallmarks, attenuating the neuroinflammatory state via modulation of glial activation, NF-κB pathway, and cytokine overexpression. Furthermore, we demonstrated that SUN11602 treatment rebalanced Ca2+ overload in neurons by regulating Ca2+-binding proteins while inhibiting the apoptotic cascade. Conclusion Therefore, in the light of these findings, SUN11602 could be considered a valuable pharmacological strategy for PD.

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“…KU0063794 was dissolved in DMSO. We used 240 μg/kg IGF-1 ( Yuan et al, 2020 ) or 5 mg/kg KU-0063794 ( Cordaro et al, 2017 ; Campolo et al, 2021 ) as previously reported. As the solute group, the mice received the equivalent amount of saline or DMSO with i.p.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sevoflurane exposure may cause dysplasia of dendritic spines and result in fine motor dysfunction in developing mouse through the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway

Zhong

Niu

et al. 2022

Front. Neurosci.

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Sevoflurane has become one of the most widely used volatile anesthetics in pediatric surgery. However, sevoflurane exposure may interfere with dendritic development and synaptogenesis, resulting in brain function impairment. The PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway plays an important role in dendritic development and synaptic plasticity. Here we investigated whether sevoflurane exposure would affect the morphological proportions of dendritic spines in developing mouse and explored the role of the change of plasticity of dendritic spines in sevoflurane-induced neurodevelopmental toxicity. The related signaling pathway was also examined. C57BL/6 mice at postnatal day (PND) 7 were exposed to 2% sevoflurane for 3 h. The PI3k/AKT/mTOR agonist IGF-1 or the mTOR phosphorylation inhibitor KU0063794 was intraperitoneally injected 30 min before sevoflurane or O2 exposure at PND7. Hippocampi were harvested 6 h after sevoflurane exposure. Western blotting was applied to measure the protein expression of PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway phosphorylation. At PND14, brains from all groups were harvested for Golgi staining, and the morphology of dendritic spines of hippocampal neurons was observed by an oil immersion lens. When the mice grew to adolescence (PND48), fine motor function was measured by the Beam walking test. Here we showed that exposure to 2% sevoflurane for 3 h decreased the proportion of thin dendritic spines and increased the proportion of mushroom dendritic spines, but not changed the density of the dendritic spines. Sevoflurane exposure also suppressed the phosphorylation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in immature mice hippocampi, and eventually led to long-term fine motor dysfunction. Meanwhile, IGF-1 pretreatment could rescue and KU0063794 pretreatment could aggravate the impairment induced by sevoflurane. In conclusion, sevoflurane exposure may cause a change of proportions of the types of dendritic spines through impacting the phosphorylation expression of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, and eventually led to long-term fine motor dysfunction in developing mouse.

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The inhibition of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) in improving inflammatory response after traumatic brain injury

Cited by 23 publications

References 39 publications

Inhibition of LRRK2 Attenuates Depression-Related Symptoms in Mice with Moderate Traumatic Brain Injury

Inhibition of LRRK2 Attenuates Depression-Related Symptoms in Mice with Moderate Traumatic Brain Injury

SUN11602, a bFGF mimetic, modulated neuroinflammation, apoptosis and calcium-binding proteins in an in vivo model of MPTP-induced nigrostriatal degeneration

Sevoflurane exposure may cause dysplasia of dendritic spines and result in fine motor dysfunction in developing mouse through the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway

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