The Inhibition of Ethanol Extract of <i>Phaleria macrocarpa</i> Stem Bark on COX-2 Expression of HCT116 Colorectal Cancer Cell Line

Studies of in vitro cytotoxic activity of Sungkai leaf (Peronema canescens Jack) using a human colon and cervical cancer cells have not been reported to date; the report was still limited to bioactivity in seawater shrimp larvae. The leaves of this plant contain many secondary metabolites with potential cytotoxic activity. Plants were a source of natural medicinal ingredients for cancer treatment are known as herbal medicines. Anticancer activity of a natural substance, in vitro cell line assays, can be used. This study aimed to determine the cytotoxicity (IC50) of P. canescens leaf of the chloroform, ethyl acetate, and ethanol extract against HT-29 colon cancer and HeLa cervical cancer cells. The P. canescens leaf was extracted by the maceration method using methanol solvent. The dried sample was separated by the liquid-liquid method and successive polarity gradient eluents: chloroform, ethyl acetate, and ethanol. Cell line to used HT-29 and HeLa cells, Cytotoxicity test with MTT (3-(4,5-dimethyl azole-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) method. The concentration used was from 1.5µg/mL to 200.0 µg/mL. The cytotoxic activity values (IC50) of each extract on HT-29 and HeLa cells were chloroform (10.353 µg/mL and 38.913µg/mL), ethyl acetate (48.635µg/mL and 28.186µg/mL), and ethanol (42.017µg/mL), and 253.190µg/mL), respectively. The results showed that the cytotoxic activity of chloroform extracts had a strong cytotoxic effect and a moderate effect on HeLa cervical cancer cells. Anticancer research opportunities are wide open for further studies.

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A Clinical Review on Ulcerative Colitis (Colon Cancer)

Muthukumar,

Keserla,

Mohasin Abbas

et al. 2023

RJPT

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Ulcerative colitis (UC) is also known as colon cancer or colorectal cancer, a chronic inflammatory condition of the large intestine (colon and rectum). It comes under blood in stool, bowel urgency, fatigue, low energy, and rarely fever. Inulcerative colitis, the part of the colon's inner lining of unknown etiology involves the gastrointestinal tract. More than 80% of ulcerative colitis patients have the lining tissue of the inner rectum inflamed or has proctosigmoiditis, and less than 20% of patients haveextensive colitis. The case of UC has risenworldwide in the recent few decades, particularly in growing countries. The high-risk factors are family history, gender, race, and environmental factors contributing are smoking, infection taking Antibiotics, and NSAIDs. In 2013, Over 350,000 new cases of ulcerative colitis and over 125,000 Patients deaths were reported in the USA. Ulcerative colitis is different from Crohn's disease. However,in more the 50% of patients with mildsymptoms of proctosigmoiditis, some patients show proximal extension, and for some patients,opposition occurs with mild symptoms. Moreover, it is essential to identify the patients with some symptoms of ulcerative colitis to clinical risk factors that will help identify which patients are in the critical or higher stage of the disease proximal extension.The ulcerative colitis usually devolves between 20 to 30 years.

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The Inhibition of Ethanol Extract of Phaleria macrocarpa Stem Bark on COX-2 Expression of HCT116 Colorectal Cancer Cell Line

Cited by 4 publications

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Anti-obesity and antihyperlipidemic effects of Phaleria macrocarpa fruit liquid CO2 extract: In vitro, in silico and in vivo approaches

Anti-obesity and antihyperlipidemic effects of Phaleria macrocarpa fruit liquid CO2 extract: In vitro, in silico and in vivo approaches

Anticancer activity of Peronema canescens Jack leaves extracts against human cells: HT-29 and HeLa in vitro

A Clinical Review on Ulcerative Colitis (Colon Cancer)

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