The Inhibition of Anomalous Codeposition of Iron-Group Alloys Using Cyclic Voltammetry

Abstract

Binary iron-group deposits, including Co-Ni, Fe-Co, Fe-Ni, Zn-Fe, and Zn-Ni alloys, with composition equal to that of the plating baths, were electroplated using cyclic voltammetry (CV) in suitable potential regions. Three processes, corresponding to cathodic deposition, double-layer response, and anodic dissolution, were found on the CV curves of deposition. The dissolution of newly deposited metal atoms caused the codissolution of an adsorbed monohydroxide layer in the anodic dissolution process, resulting in the inhibition of anomalous codeposition for these iron-group alloys. This proposal was further confirmed by an electrochemical impedance spectroscopic study. The anodic stripping of linear sweep voltammetry and the X-ray diffraction patterns demonstrated the poor-crystalline or amorphous nature of Zn-Ni alloys in different phases. © 2002 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.

Influence of voltammetric parameters on Zn–Ni alloy deposition under potentiodynamic conditions

“…It was established that the quantity of phase dissolved in i a peak H at Table 2 show that at more negative potentials or at longer deposition times (at constant E c ) the greater quantity of the phase, dissolved in i a peak H, was present in Zn-Ni alloy. This observation is in line with literature data, which states that electrodeposition of Ni proceeds via basic metal compounds [8]. At higher rates of electrolysis the solution near the electrode surface becomes more alkaline and, thus, electrodeposition of Ni is facilitated.…”

“…Literature reports mostly deal with conditions for normal and anomalous codeposition and do not investigate the codeposition mechanism. The influence of metal hydroxides on codeposition of Zn-Ni alloy was investigated by Chi-Chang Hu et al [8]. Codeposition of Zn-Ni alloy is accompanied by the discharge of H ?…”

“…ions, which increases the pH near the cathode surface and facilitates formation of basic metal compounds. Cyclic voltammetry experiments indicated that adsorption, desorption, and reduction of basic metal compounds on the surface determines whether normal or anomalous codeposition will take place [8].…”

Experimental design for modelling and multi-response optimization of Fe–Ni electroplating process

“…Thin layers of iron-nickel alloys are of practical interest because these materials are greatly used in various industrial applications (Lochel et al, 1996;Lorenz et al, 1996;Sadler et al, 1997;Tsay et al, is a technique that attracts industrial consideration because of the low cost and the deposition capability on almost any geometry (Tsay et al, 2005). However, the deposition of Fe-Ni alloys has been widely known as being anomalous, since iron is preferentially deposited onto the substrate (Andricacos and Romankiew, 1994;Fan and Piron, 1996;Harris et al, 1999;Zech et al, 1999;Fahidy, 2000;Golodnitky et al, 2000;Hu and Bai, 2002;Tsay et al, 2005;Fricoteaux and Rousse, 2008;Neuróhr et al, 2013). One explanation for the anomalous deposition is the formation of a hydroxide precipitate of iron at the cathode (e.g.…”

Zinc-Nickel Codeposition in Sulfate Solution Combined Effect of Cadmium and Boric Acid

“…They consider that anomalous codeposition is due to the slow kinetic of nickel on steel. Hu and Bai [11] showed the possibility to obtain a composition of the deposit equal to that of the solution by the use of cyclic voltammetry. From Zhou and JO'Keefe work [12], the anomalous codeposition can be reduced by adding additives as tin.…”