The inheritance of colour and other characters in the potato

Abstract

INTP~OI)UCT[ON. :The Scope of the Obse'rvc~t~o~s. Attention has been concentrated mainly on the heredity of characters of the tubersl for the haulm or foliage of the potato plan~, ~hough variab}e in habit of growth, size, shape, texture and colour, does no~ lend itself readily to this type of work. The foliage more espeeiallyis so variable in different parts of the same plant, whilst the differences between one type of foliage and another, however apparent, are so difficult to define that except in one instance, which will be considered later in detail, I have not made out anything sufficiently definite. Colour and other Uharacters in the _Potato proved of vaiue was a white kidney potato known as "i~eeord." It was brought out by Messrs King, of @oggeshalt, but it has entirely gone ou~ of cult;ivation as far as could be ascertained, no~ only in England generally, but in my garden also, and my notes of its characters are unfortunately not very ihll. I give here a list of the domestic varieties I have used. In sdf and c~vss /'ertiliza~ion. A. Flourbai1 (Stztton). Record (King). Congo.

Horizontal or Generalized Resistance to Pathogens in Plants

“…That is its great attraction and that is how it was first noticed (Callaghan & Millington, 1956;Biffen, 1907;Salaman, 1910). In the 1800s it was observed by farmers as stark 'off-types' in crops of rusted wheat.…”

“…They selected for pest and disease resistance as they selected for higher yield and other quantitatively inherited traits such as size and quality of the harvested product and adaptation to the environment. This process has been replicated from Mexico was shown to be immune to late blight (Salaman, 1910). In breeding experiments, individuals of this species stood out as completely healthy amongst genotypes of the cultivated potato that were severely diseased.…”

The Secondary Association of Chromosomes

“…The complex results obtained in breeding experiments on such plants as Cotton (HARLAND 1929-30, KEARNEY 1930, Geum (MARSDEN-JONES 1930), Brassica (PEACE 1926, MALINOWSKI 1921, Viola (CLAUSEN 1927(CLAUSEN , 1929, Cardamine (CORRENS 1912), Solarium tuberosum (SALAMAN 1910(SALAMAN , 1930 (COLLINS 1924), Lythrum Salicaria (BARLOW 1923, EAST 1927, Pyrus (CRANE andLAWRENCE 1931, WELLING TON 1924) etc. are all indications of polyploidy.…”

Correspondence of Charles Darwin on James Torbitt's project to breed blight-resistant potatoes

“…In cultivation, potatoes are generally propagated asexually, simply by cutting the tubers into portions (the setts or sets), each bearing at least one bud ("eye"), and planting these in the ground (Salaman 1910(Salaman , 1949. Confusingly, the tubers used by farmers and gardeners to produce the setts are termed "seed potatoes" although there are no true seeds involved.…”

“…Potato cultivars are usually selected for particular traits of the tuber including, for instance, shape, colour and texture of the skin or of the "flesh", yield, or optimal time for harvesting (early or late) (Salaman 1910). Another trait is disease-resistance, including resistance to late blight.…”