The Infundibular Organ of<i>Branchiostoma lanceolatum</i>

Obermüller‐Wilén, Helena

doi:10.1111/j.1463-6395.1976.tb00228.x

Cited by 11 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The remarkable simplicity of arrangement of the amphioxus nervous system is thought to be primitive (Bone, 1960a). Most of our knowledge of the morphology of the amphioxus nervous system is based on light microscopic studies with classical neurohistological methods (Rohde, 1888;Retzius, 1891;Hesse, 1898;Joseph, 1904;Stendell, 1914;Bone, 1960a), although some authors have investigated the ultrastructure of the brain vesicle (Welsch, 1968;Meves, 1973;Anadón, 1976;Obermü ller-Wilén, 1976, 1979Obermü ller-Wilén and van Veen, 1981;Watanabe and Yoshida, 1986;Ruiz and Anadón, 1991b,c;Lacalli et al, 1994;Lacalli, 1996a), the spinal cord (Eakin and Westfall, 1962;Flood, 1966Flood, , 1968Guthrie, 1975;Vigh-Teichmann and Vigh, 1983;Anadón, 1989, 1991a,c), and peripheral nerves and sensory cells (Peters, 1963;Bone and Best, 1978;Baatrup, 1981Baatrup, , 1982. Recent ultrastructural studies performed in early larvae (Lacalli et al, 1994;Lacalli, 1996a,b), together with studies of the expression in the neural tube of genes implicated in the control of the axial patterning during embryonic development (Holland et al, 1992Holland, 1996;Holland and García-Ferná ndez, 1996), have provided new landmarks that facilitate comparison of the regions of the rostral nerve cord of amphioxus with the main regions of the vertebrate brain (Lacalli, 1996b).…”

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confidence: 99%

Distribution of GABA immunoreactivity in the central and peripheral nervous system of amphioxus (Branchiostoma lanceolatum pallas)

1998

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On the basis of labeling with an anti-gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) antibody, we report for the first time the presence and distribution of GABA-immunoreactive cells in the central and peripheral nervous system of amphioxus. In the nerve cord, there is a large dorsorostral group of cerebrospinal-fluid-contacting (CSFc) cells at the caudal end of the brain vesicle that gives rise to a large ventral commissure and neuropilar region. In the middle and caudal region of the brain, numerous commissural and CSFc neurons are situated below the region of large dorsal cells. In the spinal cord, several types of GABA-immunoreactive neurons of different size, appearance, and distribution were observed. In the dorsalmost region, very small commissural cells are scattered regularly along the cord. More ventrally in the cord, GABAergic neurons, both of commissural and CSFc cell types, form segmental groups, but scattered cells are observed throughout. These cells give rise to dense longitudinal fascicles of GABAergic fibers and to scattered commissural fibers. The caudal ampulla lacks GABAergic cells and fibers. Some of the fibers of the most rostral and caudal peripheral (sensory) nerves, as well as some sensory cells of the rostral and caudal epidermis, are GABA immunoreactive. The significance of these results for the understanding of the evolution of GABAergic systems of vertebrates is discussed.

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confidence: 99%

Distribution of GABA immunoreactivity in the central and peripheral nervous system of amphioxus (Branchiostoma lanceolatum pallas)

1998

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“…The caudal ventromedian region of the vesicle contains the infundibular (tubercular) organ (Boeke, 1902(Boeke, , 1908(Boeke, , 1913von Kupffer, 1906), which consists of specialized secretory ependymal cells (Olsson, 1955;Oberm€ uller-Wil en, 1976;Olsson et al, 1994). The Reissner fiber, which is formed of condensed extracellular secretions of the infundibular organ, extends in the ciliated ventral part of the central canal toward the filum terminale and caudal ampulla (see Sterba et al, 1983;Ruiz and Anad on, 1991c;Olsson et al, 1994).…”

Section: Brain Vesicle and Transition Regionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Neuronal organization of the brain in the adult amphioxus (Branchiostoma lanceolatum): A study with acetylated tubulin immunohistochemistry

Castro

Becerra

Manso

et al. 2015

J of Comparative Neurology

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Amphioxus (Cephalochordata) belongs to the most basal extant chordates, and knowledge of their brain organization appears to be key to deciphering the early stages of evolution of vertebrate brains. Most comprehensive studies of the organization of the central nervous system of adult amphioxus have investigated the spinal cord. Some brain populations have been characterized via neurochemistry and electron microscopy, and the overall cytoarchitecture of the brain was studied by Ekhart et al. (2003; J. Comp. Neurol. 466:319-330) with general staining methods and retrograde transport from the spinal cord. Here, the cytoarchitecture of the brain of adult amphioxus Branchiostoma lanceolatum was reinvestigated by using acetylated tubulin immunohistochemistry, which specifically stains neurons and fibers, in combination with some ancillary methods. This method allowed reproducible staining and mapping of types of neuron, mostly in brain regions caudal to the entrance level of nerve 2, and its comparison with spinal cord populations. The brain populations studied and discussed in detail were the Retzius bipolar cells, lamellate cells, Joseph cells, various types of translumenal cells, somatic motoneurons, Rohde nucleus cells, small ventral multipolar neurons, and Edinger cells. These observations expand our knowledge of the distribution of cell types and provide additional data on the number of cells and the axonal tracts and commissural regions of the adult amphioxus brain. The results of this comprehensive study provide a framework for comparison of complex adult populations with the early brain neuronal populations revealed in developmental studies of the amphioxus.

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Anatomy of the Hesse photoreceptor cell axonal system in the central nervous system of amphioxus

et al. 2005

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The present study reports the organization of the Hesse cell axonal system in the central nervous system of the amphioxus, with the use of a polyclonal antiserum raised against lamprey gonadotropin-releasing hormone-I (GnRH-I). In the spinal cord, the rhabdomeric photoreceptor cells of the bicellular organs were well labeled with this antibody. These cells sent smooth, straight, lateral processes that bent and became beaded as they passed ventrally and crossed to the contralateral side of the cord. There, the processes of several cells aggregated to give rise to a longitudinal fiber bundle. Beaded collaterals of these processes were directed to ventral neuropil and did not appear to contact giant Rohde cell axons. The crossed projections of the Hesse photoreceptors are compared with those of vertebrate retinal ganglion cells. Other antisera raised against GnRH weakly labeled rhabdomeric photoreceptors located dorsally in the brain, the Joseph cells. The finding that GnRH antibodies label amphioxus photoreceptor cells and axons is not definitive proof that the photoreceptors contain GnRH. Regardless of whether the antibody recognizes amphioxus GnRH, which has not yet been identified by structure, the antibody has revealed the processes of the Hesse photoreceptor cells.

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The Infundibular Organ ofBranchiostoma lanceolatum

Cited by 11 publications

References 13 publications

Distribution of GABA immunoreactivity in the central and peripheral nervous system of amphioxus (Branchiostoma lanceolatum pallas)

Distribution of GABA immunoreactivity in the central and peripheral nervous system of amphioxus (Branchiostoma lanceolatum pallas)

Neuronal organization of the brain in the adult amphioxus (Branchiostoma lanceolatum): A study with acetylated tubulin immunohistochemistry

Anatomy of the Hesse photoreceptor cell axonal system in the central nervous system of amphioxus

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