The infrared massive stellar content of M 83

Bonanos, A. Z.; Whitmore, Bradley C.; Prieto, J. L.; Blair, William P.

doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201525696

Cited by 15 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…The mid-IR selection criteria are less efficient, but with available Spitzer mid-IR photometry (Boyer et al 2015b) for 13 dwarf irregular galaxies in the Local Group, our tool provides an opportunity to select candidate dusty massive stars in star-forming dIrrs in cases where accurate optical photometry does not exist or is not deep enough. The mid-IR selection criteria can be applied both to galaxies in the Local Group and to more distant galaxies (e.g., M83; Williams et al 2015) by using midinfrared photometry from other surveys, for instance, from the Local Volume Legacy (Dale et al 2009) and the SIRTF Nearby Galaxy Survey (Kennicutt et al 2003). At this stage, we cannot verify selection criteria of emission line objects because only a small number of these stars were identified.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of dusty massive stars in star-forming dwarf irregular galaxies in the Local Group with mid-IR photometry

Britavskiy

Bonanos

Mehner

et al. 2015

A&A

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Context. Increasing the statistics of spectroscopically confirmed evolved massive stars in the Local Group enables the investigation of the mass loss phenomena that occur in these stars in the late stages of their evolution. Aims. We aim to complete the census of luminous mid-IR sources in star-forming dwarf irregular (dIrr) galaxies of the Local Group. To achieve this we employed mid-IR photometric selection criteria to identify evolved massive stars, such as red supergiants (RSGs) and luminous blue variables (LBVs), by using the fact that these types of stars have infrared excess due to dust. Methods. The method is based on 3.6 μm and 4.5 μm photometry from archival Spitzer Space Telescope images of nearby galaxies. We applied our criteria to four dIrr galaxies: Pegasus, Phoenix, Sextans A, and WLM, selecting 79 point sources that we observed with the VLT/FORS2 spectrograph in multi-object spectroscopy mode. Results. We identified 13 RSGs, of which 6 are new discoveries, as well as two new emission line stars, and one candidate yellow supergiant. Among the other observed objects we identified carbon stars, foreground giants, and background objects, such as a quasar and an early-type galaxy that contaminate our survey. We use the results of our spectroscopic survey to revise the mid-IR and optical selection criteria for identifying RSGs from photometric measurements. The optical selection criteria are more efficient in separating extragalactic RSGs from foreground giants than mid-IR selection criteria, but the mid-IR selection criteria are useful for identifying dusty stars in the Local Group. This work serves as a basis for further investigation of the newly discovered dusty massive stars and their host galaxies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of dusty massive stars in star-forming dwarf irregular galaxies in the Local Group with mid-IR photometry

Britavskiy

Bonanos

Mehner

et al. 2015

A&A

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“…We began by following the routine described in Williams et al (2015) for the 3.6 µm and 4.5 µm mosaics separately. We first detected point sources, then constructed a point-spread function (PSF) from bright, isolated stars.…”

Section: Photometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, Khan et al (2013) searched for η Carinae analogs, uncovered an emerging class of evolved massive stars (Khan et al 2015b), and later discovered several η Carinae analogs (Khan et al 2015a). Williams et al (2015) extracted photometry from archival Spitzer Infrared Array Camera (IRAC) images of the galaxy M83 and used color-magnitude diagrams (CMD) of 3.6 µm and 4.5 µm photometry to identify red supergiant (RSG) candidates. Mid-IR photometric candidates of this kind have been shown via spectroscopic follow up to indeed be RSGs (late-type stars with zero age main sequence mass between ∼8 and ∼30 M ) by Britavskiy et al (2014Britavskiy et al ( , 2015.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spitzermid-infrared point sources in the fields of nearby galaxies

Bonanos

2016

A&A

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Aims. To complement the study of transient phenomena and to assist subsequent observations in the mid-infrared, we extract point source photometry from archival mosaics of nearby galaxies with high star formation rates within 4 Mpc. Methods. Point spread function photometry was performed on sources detected in both Spitzer IRAC 3.6 µm and 4.5 µm bands at greater than 3σ above background. These data were then supplemented by aperture photometry in the IRAC 5.8 µm and 8.0 µm bands conducted at the positions of the shorter wavelength sources. For sources with no detected object in the longer wavelengths, we estimated magnitude limits based on the local sky background.Results. We present Spitzer IRAC mid-infrared point source catalogs for mosaics covering the fields of the nearby ( 4 Mpc) galaxies NGC 55, NGC 253, NGC 2366, NGC 4214, and NGC 5253. We detect a total of 20159 sources in these five fields. The individual galaxy point source breakdown is the following: NGC 55, 8746 sources; NGC 253, 9001 sources; NGC 2366, 505 sources; NGC 4214, 1185 sources; NGC 5253, 722 sources. The completeness limits of the full catalog vary with bandpass and were found to be m 3.6 = 18.0, m 4.5 = 17.5, m 5.8 = 17.0, and m 8.0 = 16.5 mag. For all galaxies, this corresponds to detection of point sources brighter than M 3.6 = −10. These catalogs can be used as a reference for stellar population investigations, individual stellar object studies, and in planning future mid-infrared observations with the James Webb Space Telescope.

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“…Five of the six historical SNe in M83 have types of either Ib, II, or IIP, all of which result from core-collapse of massive stars (Barbon et al 1999;Williams et al 2015). Simple extrapolation from the recent past thus leads us to expect that there must have been dozens of -3 -core-collapse SNe in M83 within the past millennium.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Spectroscopic Study of the Rich Supernova Remnant Population in M83^∗

Winkler

Blair

Long

2017

ApJ

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We report the results from a spectrophotometric study sampling the 300 candidate supernova remnants (SNRs) in M83 identified through optical imaging with Magellan/IMACS and HST/WFC3. Of the 118 candidates identified based on a high [S II] λλ 6716,6731 to Hα emission ratio, 117 show spectroscopic signatures of shock-heated gas, confirming them as SNRs-the largest uniform set of SNR spectra for any galaxy. Spectra of 22 objects with a high [O III] λ 5007 to Hα emission ratio, selected in an attempt to identify young ejecta-dominated SNRs like Cas A, reveal only one (previously reported) object with the broad ( 1000 km s −1 ) emission lines characteristic of ejecta-dominated SNRs, beyond the known SN1957D remnant. The other 20 [O III]-selected candidates include planetary nebulae, compact H II regions, and one background QSO. Although our spectroscopic sample includes 22 SNRs smaller than 11 pc, none of the other objects shows broad emission lines; instead their spectra stem from relatively slow (∼ 200 km s −1 ) radiative shocks propagating into the metal-rich interstellar medium of M83. With six SNe in the past century, one might expect more of M83's small-diameter SNRs to show evidence of ejecta; this appears not to be the case. We attribute their absence to several factors, including that SNRs expanding into a dense medium evolve quickly to the ISM-dominated phase, and that SNRs expanding into regions already evacuated by earlier SNe are probably very faint.

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The infrared massive stellar content of M 83

Cited by 15 publications

References 78 publications

Identification of dusty massive stars in star-forming dwarf irregular galaxies in the Local Group with mid-IR photometry

Identification of dusty massive stars in star-forming dwarf irregular galaxies in the Local Group with mid-IR photometry

Spitzermid-infrared point sources in the fields of nearby galaxies

A Spectroscopic Study of the Rich Supernova Remnant Population in M83^∗

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The infrared massive stellar content of M 83

Cited by 15 publications

References 78 publications

Identification of dusty massive stars in star-forming dwarf irregular galaxies in the Local Group with mid-IR photometry

Identification of dusty massive stars in star-forming dwarf irregular galaxies in the Local Group with mid-IR photometry

Spitzermid-infrared point sources in the fields of nearby galaxies

A Spectroscopic Study of the Rich Supernova Remnant Population in M83∗

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A Spectroscopic Study of the Rich Supernova Remnant Population in M83^∗