The influencing factors on the macroporous formation in polymer films by water droplet templating

Peng, Juan; Han, Yanchun; Yang, Yuming; Li, Binyao

doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2003.11.019

Cited by 263 publications

(243 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Upon casting a drop of the polymer solution onto a glass slide in a static MeOH vapor atmosphere, the solution surface turned turbid like the usual breath figure process. 1,21 This observation can be easily understood by the rapid evaporation of the volatile solvent resulting in the cooling of the solution surface and the condensation of MeOH vapor into tiny droplets, which disperses in the polymer solution thereafter. After the complete evaporation of the solvent, microsphere patterns ( Figure 1) were observed on the glass substrate, which were totally different from the porous honeycomb structure of the films prepared in the atmosphere of pure water vapor (breath figure process).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…12 Among the many methods, [13][14][15][16] the water-droplet templating method, namely the breath figure method, is mostly used for the preparation periodic array porous films. 1,[17][18][19][20][21][22][23] During the preparation, a polymer solution is cast on a substrate under a humid atmosphere. The cooling surface caused by rapid solvent evaporation results in the water vapor condensation, and then the condensed water droplets are trapped into the solution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microsphere Pattern Prepared by a “Reverse” Breath Figure Method

Xiong

Zou

et al. 2009

Macromolecules

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We have reported an interesting method, named reverse breath figure, for the preparation of polymeric microsphere patterns. By the same procedure as breath figure, instead of under a humid atmosphere, linear and star-shaped poly(styrene-block-butadiene) copolymers dissolved in solvents such as toluene, trichloroform, and dichloromethane were cast onto the surface of a glass substrate in methanol or ethanol vapor. After the complete evaporation of the solvent, microspheres with the diameters ranging from hundreds of nanometers to several micrometers were prepared. The microsphere patterns are the reverse of the honeycomb porous structure of breath figure. The mechanism of the microsphere formation has been studied to show that when the surface tension of the polymer solution is 1.5 mN/m higher than that of the condensed liquid, microsphere patterns can be prepared, whereas a honeycomb porous film of breath figure can be obtained when the surface tension of the polymer solution is lower than that of the condensed liquid. The viscosity of the polymer solution is also an important factor to influence the fabrication of the microsphere patterns.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microsphere Pattern Prepared by a “Reverse” Breath Figure Method

Xiong

Zou

et al. 2009

Macromolecules

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“…151 Peng et al also examined the various factors influencing the pore formation process and hole sizes such as polymer molecular weight, solvent properties, and humidity to gain a better understanding of the pore formation mechanism. 152 PS having different molecular weights and toluene, chloroform, carbon disulfide, and tetrahydrofuran solvents were studied. Results showed that a strong linear correlation existed between the atmospheric humidity and pore sizes, e.g., higher humidity leads to larger pores.…”

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confidence: 99%

Droplet condensation on polymer surfaces: A review

UÇAR¹

2013

Turk J Chem

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A novel root inclusion net method was designed to determine the fine root productions and turnover rates of 13-, 22-, and 38-year-old Larix principis-rupprechtii plantations in the whole growing season of 2012, and it was compared with the results of the sequential coring method and in-growth core method. All following values are reported in order for 13-, 22-, and 38-year-old L. principis-rupprechtii plantations. The mean values of fine root biomasses were 103, 261, and 356 g m -2 , about 76-78% of which were live fine root biomasses. The fine root productions were 86-118 g m -2 year -1 , 124-138 g m -2 year -1 , and 134-160 g m -2 year -1 , respectively. The fine root turnover rates were 1.12, 0.61, and 0.51 times year -1 , respectively, suggesting a relative slow fine root turnover in L. principisrupprechtii plantations. The carbon inputs into soil accompanying fine root turnover were 52, 58, and 94 g C m -2 year -1 . This organic carbon is a sizeable pool in the forest ecosystem. The results suggest that our new modified root inclusion net method is suitable for field-based assessment of fine root production and turnover.

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“…On contrary, linear polystyrene without any polar end group also led to ordered honeycomb structures when dissolved in toluene and CHCl3 solvents [40][41]. At first, it was suggested that star-like and hyperbranched polymers promote formation of well-ordered structures [26,42], however, later it was demonstrated that linear polymers also give rise to the patterns, typical for the breath-figures self-assembly, such as depicted in Figure 2 [40][41].…”

Section: Impact Of the Polymer Aarchitecture And Physical Parameters mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At first, it was suggested that star-like and hyperbranched polymers promote formation of well-ordered structures [26,42], however, later it was demonstrated that linear polymers also give rise to the patterns, typical for the breath-figures self-assembly, such as depicted in Figure 2 [40][41]. It was suggested that coiled polymers (polystyrene) promote formation of breath-figures patterns [42]; on the other hand, rigid-rod conjugated polymers also gave rise to wellordered honeycomb reliefs [36].…”

Section: Impact Of the Polymer Aarchitecture And Physical Parameters mentioning

confidence: 99%

Breath-Figures Self-Assembly, the Versatile Method of Manufacturing Membranes and Porous Structures: Physical, Chemical and Technological Aspects

Bormashenko¹

2017

Preprint

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Abstract:The review is devoted to the physical, chemical and technological aspects of the breath-figures self-assembly process. Main stages of the process and the impact of the polymer architecture and physical parameters of the breath-figures self-assembly on the eventual pattern are covered. The review is focused on the hierarchy of spatial and temporal scales inherent for the breath-figures self-assembly. Multi-scale patterns arising from the process are addressed. The characteristic spatial lateral scales of patterns vary from nanometers to dozens of micrometers. The temporal scales of the process span from micro-seconds to seconds. The qualitative analysis performed in the paper demonstrates that the process is mainly governed by the interfacial phenomena, whereas the impact of inertia and gravity is negligible. Characterization and applications of polymer films manufactured with breath-figures self-assembly are discussed.

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The influencing factors on the macroporous formation in polymer films by water droplet templating

Cited by 263 publications

References 29 publications

Microsphere Pattern Prepared by a “Reverse” Breath Figure Method

Microsphere Pattern Prepared by a “Reverse” Breath Figure Method

Droplet condensation on polymer surfaces: A review

Breath-Figures Self-Assembly, the Versatile Method of Manufacturing Membranes and Porous Structures: Physical, Chemical and Technological Aspects

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