The influences of the second harmonics together with the asymmetries of junctions on the voltage–current characteristics of high TC DC SQUIDs

The internal Shapiro effect in some portions of the parameter space of asymmetric two-junction SQUIDs and its influences

“…Obviously, the cited space is very large, and the ISE is a phenomenon that occurs only in specific asymmetric portions of it. However, the ISE gives clues for identifying some disagreements between the experiment and the theoretical predictions and numerical simulations for the voltage-current-flux characteristics (see [18] and references therein). Also, the established current steps and the established voltage spikes in the VCCs of the DC SQUIDs may be used to extend, develop, and improve the applications of the Shapiro effect in Josephson junctions [1,2,31].…”

“…In the α ≡ L/L F > 1 limit, where L is the loop inductance and L F = ( 0 /2π ) 2 /k B T is the fluctuation inductance, we obtained the following expression for the statistical average of the time-averaged total voltage developed across the device [18]:…”

“…In contrast to the case for the small-inductance limit [20][21][22], in the large-inductance limit, α and R appear in simple forms as in equation (1). So, V e α/2 /R is independent of α and R. In [18], we inspected the voltage modulation and its interesting behavior due to the asymmetry of junctions and the presence of second harmonics. Here, we consider the curves for ϕ x = 0 and ϕ x = π/2 with the aim being to clarify the effect of the applied flux on the recognized ISE.…”